11-15
Terms
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- Emotion
- A response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience (thoughts). Exist to enhance our survival.
- James-Lange Theory
- The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness to our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. Body response before emotion.
- Cannon-Bard Theory
- The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.
- two-factor theory
- Schacter-Singer's theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.
- Polygraph
- a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).
- Catharsis
- emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
- Feel-good, do-good phenomenon
- people's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood.
- subjective well-being
- self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people's quality of life.
- adaptation-level phenomenon
- our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience.
- Relative deprivation
- the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself.
- stress
- the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging.
- general adaptive syndrome (GAS)
- Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three states-alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
- coronary heart disease
- the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries.
- type a
- Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive and anger-prone people.
- type b
- Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people.
- psychophysiological illnesses
- literally, "mind-body" illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches.
- psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
- the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.
- lymphocytes
- the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system: B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances.