chapter 6 vocab
Terms
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- mixture
- (chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)
- compound
- (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight
- polymer
- a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers
- solution
- a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
- nucleic acid
- (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotid chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
- dynamic equilibrium
- balance and upright positioning in motion
- nucleotide
- a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside
- polar molecule
- a molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed
- peptide bond
- the primary linkage of all protein structures
- enzyme
- any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions
- atom
- smallest particle still retaining the chemical characteristics of an element
- base
- a support or foundation
- acid
- any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
- nucleus
- a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
- metabolism
- the organic processes (in a cell or organism) that are necessary for life
- isomer
- a compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight
- diffusion
- the act of dispersing or diffusing something, the act of dispersing or diffusing something
- element
- an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up
- ionic bond
- attraction between oppositely charged ions
- molecule
- (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything
- lipid
- an oily organic compound insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
- isotope
- one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons
- carbohydrate
- an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals
- protein
- any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells
- covalent bond
- a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
- amino acid
- organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group
- pH
- (chemistry) p(otential of) H(ydrogen)
- ion
- a particle that is electrically charged (positive or negative)
- hydrogen bond
- a chemical bond consisting of a hydrogen atom between two electronegative atoms (e.g., oxygen or nitrogen) with one side be a covalent bond and the other being an ionic bond