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Whitneys Vocab List

Terms

undefined, object
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Patronage
the practice of granting favors to reward party loyalty
supply
the amount of a product that would be offered for sale at all possible prices that could prevail in the market
confederacy
a loose union of inderpendent states; name of government directs all major economic decisions
caste system
a set of rigid social cateorgies that determined not only a person'd ocvcupation and economic potential, but also his or her postion in society
Crausades
a series of military ecpeditions by Christian Europe to regain the Holy Land from the Muslims
sovereignty
the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries
internationalism
a national policy of actively trading with foregin countries to foster peace and prosperity
Deregulation
relaxation of government regulation on industry
Federalism
a system in which power is divided between the national and state government
scarcity
the condition that results from limited resources combined with unlimiuted wants
Corporation
an organization that is authorized by law to carry on an activity but treated as though it were a single person
trade-off
alternatives that must be given up when one is chosen over another
flexible response
the buildup of conventional troops and weapons to allow a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons
civil society
a complex network of voluntary associations, economic groups, religious organizations, and many other kinds of groups that exist independently from the government
politcal party
a group of individuals with broad common intrest who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, and determine public policy
jurisdiction
the authority, power, or the right of a court to interpret or apply the law on certain cases
Isolationism
the avoidance of involvement in world affairs
due process of law
principle in the %th amindment stating that the government must follow prop[er constitutional procedures in trails and in other actions it takes against individuals
Bureaucracy
government administrators
lobbying
direct contact made be an intrest group representive in order to persuade government officals to support the policies their intrest group favors
ideology
a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society
Republic
a specific description of a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitlke to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them
state sponsored terrism
violent acts against civilians that are secretly supported by a government in order to attack other nations without going to war
conservative
a person who believes gevernment power, particularly in the economy, should be limited in order to maximize individual freedom
Communism
an economic system in which the centeral government directs all major economic decisions
Nullification
the faliure or refusal of a is state to aid in the enforcement of federal laws within its state limits
constituent
a person whom a member of congress has been elected to represent
incrumbent
elected offical that is already in office
Insurrection
an act of rebellion against the established government
subverison
a systematic attempt to overthrow a government by using persons working secertly from within
government
the institution through which the state maintains socail order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens
Liquidity
ability to converted an asset into cash quickly
Judical review
the power of the supreme court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional
democracy
a general description of a government in which the people rule
Naturalizations
the legal process by which a person in granted citizenship
diplomacy
the art and prctice of conducting negotations between nations without arousing hostility
consumer sovereignty
the concept that the concumer is the ruler of the market
Impeachment
A formal accusation of misconduct in office against a public offical
Amnesty
the act of granting pardon to a large group of people
intrest group
a group of people with common goals who organize to influence government
marginal untility
the extra usefulness gained from consumeing one more unit of a product
Imperialism
the action used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over smaller or weaker nation
Liberal
a person who generally believes the government should take an active role in the economy and in social programs but that the government should not dictate sovial behavior
consumer price index
statistic that measures overall changes in price or infolation over time
Containment
the policy designed to keep the soviet union from expanding its power
politics
the effort to control or in fluence the conduct and policies of government
Capitalism
economic system in which private citizens own and use the factors or production in order to generate profits
Tariff
a tax on an imported product
conquistador
a Spanish conqueror of the Americas

Deck Info

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