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Chapter 11 - The Ear

Terms

undefined, object
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acous/o
hearing
audi/o
hearing
aer/o
air or gas
aur/i
ear
ot/o
ear
cerumin/o
wax
salping/o
eustachian (or uterine) tube
tympan/o
eardrum
myring/o
eardrum
-acusis
hearing condition
pinna
auricla (little ear); projected part of the external ear
exterior auditory canal
external passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the tympanum
cerumen
a waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal
tympanix membrane
eardrum
malleus
hammer, first of 3 middle ear auditory ossicles
incus
anvil, second of 3 middle ear auditory ossicles
stapes
stirrup, third of 3 middle ear auditory ossicles
eustachian tube
tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx
auditory tube
tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx
oval window
membrance that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear
inner ear
structures and liquids that relay sound waves to the auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation of sound
labyrinth
maze, inner ear consisting of bony and membranous passages
cochlea
coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti
perilymph
fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the inner ear
endolymph
fluid within the cochlear duct of the inner ear
organ of Corti
organ located in the cochlea; contains receptors the receive vibrations and generte nerve impulses for hearing
vestibule
middle part of the inner ear in front of the semilunar canals and behind the cochlea that contains the utricle and the saccule
uticle
larger of 2 sacs within the membraneous labyrinth of the bestibule in the inner ear
saccule
smaller of 2 sacs within the membraneous labyrinth of the bestibule in the inner ear
semicircular canals
three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement
anacusis
total hearing loss
otalgia
earache
otodynia
earache
otorrhagia
bleeding from the ear
otorrhea
purulent drainage from the ear
paracusis
impaired hearing
tinnitus
a jingling; ringing or buzzing in the ear
vertigo
a turning round; dizziness
otitis externa
inflammation of the external auditory canal
cerumen impaction
excessive buildup of wax in ear, often reducing hearing acuity, especially in elderly persons
myringitis
inflammation of eardrum
tympanitis
inflammation of eardrum
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
aerotitis media
inflammation of the middle ear from changes in atmospheric pressure, often occurs in frequent air travel
eustachian obstruction
blockage of the eustachian tube usually as a result of infection, as in otitis media
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the labyrinth
otosclerosis
hardening of the bone tissue in the ear
deafness
general term for partial or complete hearing loss
conductive hearing loss
hearing impairment caused by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal, middle ear, or ossicles
sesorineural hearing loss
hearing impairment caused by lesions or dysfunction of the cochlea or auditory nerve
presbyacusis
hearing impairment in old age
presbycusis
hearing impairment in old age
audiometry
process of measuring hearing
audiometer
instrument to measure hearing
audiogram
record of hearing measurement
audiologist
the health professional who specializes in the study of hearing impairments
auditory acuity testing
physical assessment of hearing useful in differentiating between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss
tuning fork
two pronged, forklike instrument that vebrates when struck used to test hearing especially bone conduction
otoscopy
use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrance
tympanometry
measurement of the conductibility of the tympanic membrance and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the response to external airflow pressures
microsurgery
surgery with the use of a microscope used in delicate tissue such as the ear
myringotomy
incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small polyethylene tube to keep the canal open and prevent fluid buildup
otoplasty
surgical repair of outer ear
stapedectomy
excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis
tympanoplasty
vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction
ear lavage
irrigation of the exterenal ear canal
ear instillation
introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal, usually administered by drop in affected ears
antibiotic
drug that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms; used to treat diseases cased by bacteria
antihistamine
drug that blocks the affects of histamine
histamine
a regulatory body substance released in allergic reactions, causing swelling and inflammation of tissues, seen in hay fever and urticaria (hives)
anti-inflammatory
a drug that reduces inflammation
decongestant
a drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes, such as those of the nose and eustachian tube in an infection

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