cell life cycle
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- 2 major phases of cell life cycle
- interphase,and cell division or mitotic phase
- interphase is divided into...
- G1,S & G2 subphases
- G1(growth 1)phase
- cells are metabolically active,make proteins rapidly and grow vigorously,near the end of this phase centrioles start to replicate in prep for cell division.This phase can last hrs.or yrs.
- S(synthetic)phase
- Dna replicates itself,ensuring that the 2 daughter cells will receive identical copies of the genetic material
- G2(growth2)phase
- in this brief phase,enzymes needed for cell-division process are synthesized,centrioles finish copying themselves
- 4 stages of mitosis
- prophase,metaphase,anaphase,and telophase
- mitosis
- series of events that parcel out the replicated DNA of the original cell into 2 new cells,division of nucleus
- cytokinesis
- separation of one cell into 2 at the end of cell cycle;begins during anaphase and ends after mitosis ends
- fibroblast
- cells that connect body parts or cover & line organs,elongated shape & secretes cable-like fibers
- erythrocyte
- red blood cell-carries respiratory gases,oxygen,and carbon dioxide,its concave disc shape aides in the uptake of gases & provides streamlining so it flows thru bloodstream
- epithelial cell
- hexagonal shaped skin cell when packed together in sheet called epithelium,has abundant intermediate filaments that resist tearing
- skeletal muscle & smooth muscle cells
- these cells are elongated and are filled w/abundant actin & myosin filaments so they can shorten forcefully
- macrophage
- disease fighting cell that extends long pseudopods to crawl thru tissue to reach infection,many lsosomes in the cell digest the infectious microorganisms it eats
- nerve cell
- has long processes for receiving messages & transmitting them to other parts of body
- oocyte
- largest cell in the body this egg cell contains yolk and many copies of organelles,for distribution to daughter cells that arise when egg divides to become an embryo