US History 11th Rhodes Exam Review
Terms
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- Why did they take bank holidays at the beginning of the Depression?
- To close the banks before bank runs could put them out of business.
- What was Roosevelts goal when he first came into office in dealing with the large number of bank closures?
- to restore confidence in the banking system to Americans
- What group of Americans were badly hurt by the depression?
- Farmers
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define:
fireside chats -
radio broadcasts made by FDR to the American people to explain his initiatives
pg 684 -
define:
Civilian Conservation Corps -
O(ne of Roosevelts New Deal work relief programs.
Offered unemployed men 18-25 the opportunity to work under the direction of the national forestry service planting trees, fighting forest fires, and building reservoirs. Earned 30 a month. - deficit spending
- government practice of spending borrowed money rather than raising taxes, usually an attempt to boost the economy
- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
- provided government insurance for bank deposits up to a certain amount
- Gold Standard
- a monetary standard in which one ounce of gold equaled a set number of dollars
- New Deal
- Roosevelts policies for ending the Depression
- What were the two causes for the rise of dictators after World War I
- Treaty of Versailles and the economic depression
- Who were the Axis Powers
- Germany, Italy, and, Japan
- When did the British and French determine that appeasement had failed with Hitler
- When Hitler made demands for territory in Poland
- What were the Nuremberg Laws
- Took German citizenship away from Jews and forbade marriage between Jews and non- Jews
- What was the Nazi "Final Solution"
- Exterminate all Jews from Europe
- How did Lend Lease help the British
- The United States could send weapons to Britain if Britain promised to return or pa rent for them after the war.
- What was the Nazi-Soviet Pact and who went back on the agreement and when?
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Germany and Soviet Union
They would split Poland, and they agreed they wouldnt attack eachother and Hitler broke the pact - isolationism
- a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs
- fascism
- a political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition
- Gestapo
- the governments secret police
- Manchuria
- territory that Japan seized to gain resources
- Maginot Line
- a line of concrete bunkers and fortifications that the French built after World War I. French chose to wait behind the line until Germans approach
- Appeasement
- accepting demands in order to avoid conflict
- Blitzkerg
- lightning war; sudden violence offensive attacks
- Anschluss
-
unification
occured with austria and Germany - What was the cost plus system
- Government would pay whatever it cost to make a product plus a profit
- How did they build the Liberty ships that help prevent them from sinking
- Welded as opposed to rivited
- What was V-J Day? What was V-E Day?
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Victory in Europe- happened first
Victory in Japan - Who participated in the Yalta Conference and what did they agree to
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It occured on Feb. 1945
Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin. met at Yalta ( resort on the black sea) they discussed what to do with poland. - Who participated in the Potsdam Conference and what did each want?
- Truman and Stalin. Met in Potsdam in germany, near Berlin. Truman wanted Germanys industy and economy to recover. Stalin wanted germany to pay heavy war reparations
- What influence did the Long Telegram have on foreign policy
- created the idea of containment
- How did the Truman deal with the Soviets in their first meeting?
- took a harsh stand against heavy reparations
- What was the Truman Doctrine and its results
- Help countries fighting communism. it stabilized the Greek government and ease Soviet demands in Turkey.
- According to Truman why was the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan essential
- help rebuild europe
- What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan
- to give European nations American aid to rebuild their economies
- Why was NATO formed
- Americans had commited to maintain peace in Europe
- fallout
- radioactive particles dispersed by a nuclear explosion
- demilitarized zones
- a battle line between the two sides (north and South Korea)
- Cold War
- tensions between the US and the Soviet Union.
- NASA
- National Aeronautics and Space administration which coordinated research in rocket science and space exploration
- Declaration of Liberated Europe
- the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live
- satellite nation
- the communist countries of eastern europe
- brinkmanship
- the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down
- Warsaw Pact
- military alliance in eastern europe. amde in response to west germany rearming
- How did the GI Bill help soliders
- it gave generous loans to veterans to help them establish businesses, buy homes, and attend college.
- What happened as a result of Rosa PArks refusing to give up her seat on a bus in AL
- boycott in MOntgomery
- What philosophy did martin luther king jr. use in attempting to end segregation
- peaceful protest
- What happend in Little Rock, Arkansas in regards to desegregation
- government of arkansas calls national guard to stop desegregation
- what was the ruling of the plessy v. fergusion in 1896 establish
- seperate but equal
- what was the significance of brown vs. board of education
- segregation is illegal
- what attracted people to suburbia
- tax breaks!
- what was kennedys approach to civil rights at the beginning of his term in office
- cautious, he didnt want to lose southern support
- what did pres. kennedy order the interstate commerece commision to do
- end the segregation of buses
- at the march on washington, martin luther king jr did what
- gave the i have a dream speech