End of the Year Review (American History)
End of the Year Review
Mr. Lickteig
Fort Riley Middle School
Fort Riley, KS
Mr. Lickteig
Fort Riley Middle School
Fort Riley, KS
Terms
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- William Allen White
- famous writer from Emporia, was a Progressive and worked to destroy the KKK, also wrote "What's the Matter with Kansas?"
- Manifest Destiny
- the belief that the United States should strech from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific
- cotton gin
- this invention DECREASED the cost of producting cotton
- jayhawker
- an anti-slavery person living in Kansas
- push-pull factors
- these cause people to either GO or LEAVE a certain area, used in determining immigration
- executive branch
- this group enforces the law
- state legislatures
- With a two-thirds majority vote in both houses, Congress may propose an amendment to the US Constitution, which must then be approved by three-fourths of the _____________________
- soil conservation
- new techniques to help stop the spread of the Dust Bowl
- Progressivism
- the movement to improve the life of average Americans in 1880-1920, included Temperance, Suffrage, Worker's Rights, Child Labor Laws
- annexation
- the process of adding new states to the United States
- Stephan Douglas
- writer of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, wanted to build the railroad through the North and gave up the Missouri Compromise Line
- Mayflower Compact
- the pilgrims wrote this document to help establish a social contract (or set of rules) for their new colony
- Mexican-American War
- this war was caused by: Manifest Destiny, the Texas Revolution, the dispute over the Texas border, and the annexation of Texas by the US
- opportunity cost
- what you give up to get something, economics
- Declaration of Independence
- document that contains the words: "We the People"
- Indian Wars
- wars between white settlers and Natives
- Wyandotte Constitution
- the constitution we use in KS today, outlawed slavery
- relocation
- the process of moving Native Americans from lands in the east to less desirable lands in the midwest
- scarcity
- insufficiency or shortness of supply
- monopoly
- when one business controls all production of a good and can set their own prices
- Great Depression
- time from 1930-1940 in which the US economy was down and unemployment was very high
- William Jennings Bryan
- man who ran for president as a Populist
- trade-off
- the exchange of one thing for another of more or less equal value, esp. to effect a compromise
- Bill of Rights
- the first 10 amendments of the Constitution
- 2/3
- Congress may propose an amendment to the constitution with a _____________ vote
- canals
- man-made water ways that connected rivers to each other
- sweatshop
- a shop employing workers at low wages, for long hours, and under poor conditions
- President
- head of the Executive Branch
- coasts
- deltas, tidelands, and peninsulas are physical characteristics of this geographic region
- Robert Fulton
- inventor of the steam boat
- Homestead Act
- a special act of Congress (1862) that made public lands in the West available to settlers without payment, usually in lots of 160 acres, to be used as farms. (as long as people could IMPROVE the land)
- exports
- sending something OUT of the country, selling
- Marbury v. Madison
- the trial which established the concept of judicial review
- emmigration
- the act of people LEAVING a country
- Eli Whitney
- inventor of the cotton gin
- railroads
- the most important technology and business in the mid-1800s, owned a lot of land in Kansas
- Supreme Court
- head of the Judicial Branch
- Jim Crow laws
- laws that legalized segregation in the South during Reconstruction
- Article V
- section of the Constitution that deals with how the constitution can be changed with amendments
- interchangeable parts
- making peices of an item all the same so they can be replaced if broken
- Bill of Rights
- the first 10 amendements of the Constitution, used to grant freedoms to each citizen
- juvenile
- dealing with young persons
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Passed in 1854, created popular soveriegnty, allowing people to vote whether to be a slave or free state
- legislative branch
- this group makes the law
- immigration
- the act of people coming IN to a country
- Marshall
- supreme court justice to increased the power of the Supreme Court
- increases
- If the price of something _______________, the amount of that item sold decreases.
- cost of the bike
- If you decide between buying a bike or a skateboard, and you pick the skateboard, what was your opportunity cost?
- Industrial Revolution
- during the 1800s, the US began building factories and providing mechanical jobs to immigrants
- Benjamin "Pap" Singleton
- man who encouraged African Americans to move to Kansas
- 14th amendment
- gave voting rights to African-American men
- Gilded Age
- in the US, a period c 1870 to 1898 (or World War I), which was marked by the growth of industry and wealth which supported materialism and political corruption, coined by Mark Twain
- NAFTA
- an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994, allowed for free trade between the countries
- assimilation
- The process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group: "Waves of immigrants have been assimilated into the American culture."
- supply and demand
- the basics of economics, determines the price of goods
- missionaries
- a group of persons sent by a church to carry on religious work, esp. evangelization in foreign lands, and often to establish schools, hospitals, etc.
- Missouri Compromise
- Allowed two states to join the US, created a line that said no slavery north of it
- Fred Harvey
- created restaurants along the railroad line, complete with waitresses and hotels
- railroad shipping costs
- one of the major reasons Kansas farmers supported the Populist movement was because they were upset about increasing ________________-
- Oregon Trail
- a trail used for IMMIGRANTS moving to lands in the west
- Thomas Jefferson
- author of the Declaration of Independence
- Uncle Tom's Cabin
- book written by Harriett Beecher Stowe to encourage people to join the abolitionist movement
- levee
- an embankment designed to prevent the flooding of a river
- override
- the process of passing over a president's veto by Congress
- urban
- living in the middle of a city, downtown
- high wages
- if a business wanted to expand its workforce, ________________ would attract new employees
- rural
- people living outside of cities
- suffrage
- the movement to allow voting rights for different groups of people
- gold
- this caused a rush to California in 1849, creating boom towns over-night
- textile mills
- the first forms of factories in the New England states, created cloth items
- Reconstruction
- the phase the US went through after the Civil War trying to rebuild the country
- drought
- long periods of time without rain
- climate change
- the reason why many Native Americans died after being relocated to Kansas
- Populism
- a grassroots movement, supported mostly by farmers in KS
- strike
- refusing to work your job until you are paid more or offered better incentives
- popular sovereignty
- the idea that people should be allowed to vote on the issue of slavery in their new state
- lower price of labor
- the reason why outsourcing is becoming common to American businesses
- outsourcing
- to obtain goods or services from an outside source: U.S. companies who outsource from China
- eminent domain
- the power of a government to take private property for public use
- cotton
- the most important crop in the south before the Civil War
- Alien & Sedition Acts
- law that gave John Adams (the president) the power to kick any immigrant out of the country for talking negatively about the government; limited free speech
- agriculture
- as manufactoring became a bigger industry, there were less people working in ______________
- union
- a group of people that works together to improve the rights of worker's of a certain industry
- Federalist papers
- a group of documents written by James Madison that encouraged people to SUPPORT the Constitution
- veto
- when the president rejects a bill
- Jefferson
- president who purchased the Louisiana Purchase
- lower
- the development of interchangeable parts meant __________ prices on goods
- Cattle trails
- used to transport livestock from summer grazing areas in Texas to the railroads in Kansas
- judicial review
- the power of the Supreme Court to declare acts of congress unconstitutional
- Thomas Paine
- author of "Common Sense", a book that helped encourage people to use the Constitution
- Magna Carta
- one of the first forms of Democracy, passed in 1215 in England, limited the power of the King
- seizure of tribal lands
- During the late 1800s in KS, this action by white settlers with support of the US Army led to increased conflict with American Indians
- suburban
- living in towns on the outskirts of a major city
- Articles of Confederation
- the laws the United States followed BEFORE the Constitution
- Medicine Lodge Treaty
- peace agreement between the US and different Native American tribes; Native Americans agreed to move to reservations
- tariff
- tax on an imported good
- due process
- regular use of law, used to guarantee legal rights to each person (right to confront your accuser, right to a speedy trial, etc.)
- judicial branch
- this group interperts the law
- LeCompton Constitution
- one of the four constitutions being considered at the time KS was becoming a state, allowed slavery
- climates
- the weather of a place over a period of time
- imports
- bringing something IN to a country, buying
- Exodusters
- poor freed slaves from the Deep South that moved to Kansas to create a new way of life
- Nicodemus
- a town created by African-Americans in western Kansas after migrating away from the south
- depleting buffalo
- strategy used by the United States to destroy the Native Americans
- Congress
- the group of people who make up the Legislative Branch
- bushwhackers
- Confederate guerrillas who came from Missouri to carry out raids in KS
- physical geography
- dealing with the landforms and terrain of a certain place
- mass production
- the process of making a lot of the same item at a time, instead of one at a time
- decreases
- if the value of the US dollar ___________ compared to the Japanese yen, then Japanese goods sold in the US will be more expensive.
- amendment
- changes to the constitution
- Santa Fe Trail
- a trail used for ECONOMIC and TRADE in the west
- Bleeding Kansas
- conflict in Kansas from 1850 to 1858 with a lot of violence
- schools
- a service provided by local governments in KS
- stubble mulching
- the process of leaving the stalk of a plant in the ground after harvesting, used to prevent soil erosion