US History Chapter 32 1945-1980
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- what happened to the population post-World War II
- Population soared
- What two places were admitted as states?
- Hawaii and Alaska
- Why did people move south and west?
- Creation of Air Conditioning
- In 1963 which state passed New York in population?
- California
- Because of heavier and more powerful cars, in 1970 gas consumption reached
- 92 billion gallons
- What new bussiness opened for auto travelers?
- the motel industry
- In 1956, what helped increase mobility
- The Ike Super Interstate Highway
- What increased mobility in 1958
- the Seattle built Boeing 707 jetliner
- By 1961, how many Tv sets were receiving transmittions from how many stations?
- 55 million tvs, 530 stations
- What was the prime medium for advertising
- Television
- in 1963, what sent transmittions to other countries?
- the telstar satilight
- what media did the tv cover?
- national conventions, inaugurations, Kennedy assassination, Government campians, etc
- who said tv was a "vast wasteland" of serials, variety shows, quiz programs, and reruns of old movies>
- FCC's Newton Minow
- Post war (50's) what class increased
- middle class
- In the 50's, what happened to the percentage of immigrants
- decreased
- In the 50's, why did the persentage of immigrates decline?
- social and cultural uniformity. the income of industrial workers rose and more fringe benefits became available
- what two labor unions combinded in 1955?
- AFL and CIO.
- why did the 2 labor unions combine?
- to preserve what rights they had rather than to gain new ones
- what workers joined the ranks of middle class and entered the suburbs
- blue-collar workers
- What happened to religion post war?
- there was a huge religous Boom
- What did surveys in post war times show about american people and religion
- nearly all americans believed in God, but many were igorant of religious history and doctrine
- What did the GI Bill do for people
- Introduced young adults to new ideas and made more people tolerant of the beliefs of others
- What appeared to be between religous liberals and religious conservatives
- an "education gap"
- Who played a major role in promoting the civil rights movement
- The churches
- what did feminists demand of the churches
- female ministers and priests
- what sent shockwaves through the religious community
- cohabitation, homosexuality, pornography and legalized abortion
- 1981 what did the Supreme Court reject?
- Reject teaching Darwinism in schools and just teaching "creation theory"
- Who stressed interdenominal coorperation?
- Billy Graham
- By 1970's a new wave of tv did what?
- preached religios, political, social and moral conservatism
- Who were two of the tv preachers?
- Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson
- Who wrote "The Naked and the Dead"?
- Norman Mailer
- Who wrote "From Here to Eternity"?
- James Jones
- Who wrote "Cather in the Rye"?
- J.D. Salinger
- Who wrote "Catch 22", which denounced warfare?
- Joseph Heller
- who wrote "on the Road"?
- Jack Kerouac
- Who was the Beat author in which Beatnik's followed?
- Jack Kerouac
- What did Jack Kerouac reject?
- materialist values
- What was Jack Kerouac obessed with?
- violence, perversion and madness
- What happened to the interest in reading, particulary paperbacks, with the population of tv?
- Interest in reading continued
- How were Post World War II writers compaired to Post World War I writers
- Post World War II writers were worse
- Who was famous for "Pop Art"?
- Andy Warhall
- Who wrote "The Victum"?
- Sal Bellow
- What was abstract expressionism?
- Art which stressed the "unconscious"
- Who was a leading Post WWII artist?
- Jack Pallock
- What was wrong with abstract expressionism?
- Requires too much verbal explanation to communicate to the average observer
- What is the first of the two dilemmas did the nation seem to face in the 1960's?
- That progress could be self-defeating (DDT) and that foreign policies geared to prevent war lead to new wars.
- In the 60's what does the generation turn in to?
- The "me" generation
- What is the start of the 60's rebellion?
- Youngsters rejected perental advice
- What is the second dilemma faced by the nation in the 60's?
- That the modern industrial Society placed too much emphasis on social cooperation and undermined the individual
- Although the US was the most powerful nation in the 60's it was unable to...
- Mobilize its resources intelligetly to confront obvious challenges
- What amount did the GNP approach?
- $1 trillion
- What happened with inflation?
- Went up which put workers under constant pressure to demand wage hikes which caused the prices to go up
- What interests did workers put first?
- Their own before the whole
- Who began to strike after inflation?
- public workers
- What industries did technological improvements bring about?
- The plastic and electronic industries
- What did scientist manufacture electricity from in 1951?
- Nuclear fuels
- In 1954 what sub became the first ship powered by atomic energy
- the Nautilus
- What did computers help do?
- collect and store records, solve mathematical problems, and accelerate the work of bank tellers, librarians and tax collecters.
- What was the down side of the new technology
- Petroleum released pollutants. Increased use of paper and plastics threatened to bury the nation in trash and Fertilizers washed into streams and destroyed acquatic life
- What did the Great Society programs not do?
- They did not produce the promised racial peace and social harmony
- Malcom X was assassinated by who and why?
- He was assassinated by a group of black Muslims because Malcom X called for an outreach to whites
- What organization was started in 64?
- The Organization of Afro-American Union
- Who launched the campain to force Alabama authorities to allow blacks to register to vote?
- Maritn Luther King Jr
- In 1965, what spurred the passage of the Voting Rights Act?
- The Selma-Montgomery March
- Who said whites could not relate to the black experience and endorsed black seperatism?
- Stokely Carmichael of the Student Nonviolent Cooridinating Committee
- Where were the urban riots talking place?
- from Watts, Los Angeles to Newmark, New Jersey
- In 1967 what was special about the riot in Detroit
- It rivialed the "Motor City Riot" of 1943 and ended in43 deaths
- What happened in April 1968?
- Martin Luther King Jr was assassinated by James Earl Ray
- What happened because of Martin Luther King Jr's assassination
- Blacks unleashed their anger by burning and looting a hundred cities
- What commission found that their was "white Racism"
- Illinois commission chaired by Governor Otto Kerner
- What did missle-class whites do to escape urban tensions?
- Move to the suburbs or call on police to "maintain law and order"
- Along with blacks, who also struggled for equality?
- Millions of Mexican-Americans in the Southwest
- What are "Braceros"?
- Temporary farm workers. The importation of them was encouraged after WWII
- What were "Barrios"?
- Cities where illegals setteled and where low-paying but steady work could be found
- What did the "Chicanos" demand?
- Political, social, economic, and educational improvments
- Who organized migrant farm workers into unions?
- Cesar Chavez
- In 1965 what did Chavez launch a boycott on?
- Grapes
- What did Indian militants form and why?
- The American Indian Movement to demand self-determination, the return of lands and the revival of tribal culture
- In 1973 what town did Indian racials occupy?
- Wounded Knee
- What did the Indian Self-Determination Act of 75 do?
- Gave tribes greater control over education, welfare programs, and law enforcement.
- Who is the first black to serve on the Supreme Court?
- Thurgood Marshall
- Who is the first black senator since Reconstruction, elected in 1967 by Massachusetts?
- Edward Brooke
- What cities elected black mayors?
- NYC, Philadelphia, LA, Atlanta
- Who broke the black barrier in baseball?
- Jackie Robinson
- What two boxers attracted fans of both races?
- Joe Lewis and Muhammad Ali
- What was the resoulte of the "progressive education"
- It was producing poor work habits, fuzzy thinking, and plain ignorance
- What did the Former President of Havard James B. Conant flay the schools for?
- Neglecting foreign languages, ignoring the needs of the brightest and the slowest, and for not effectively teaching English grammer and composition
- What did James B. Conant urge?
- For teacher's college to emphasize subject matter over educational methodology in their curricula
- What spurred a renewed interest in math and science and the passage of the National Defense Education Act of 58?
- The sucess of the Soviet "Sputnik"
- What was the cause of the increase in college enrollment?
- Population growth and demand for specialized skills
- What was built to fill the gap between high school and college?
- Two-year junoir college
- By the 60's what where the students revolting against?
- established trends in politics, economics, and education.
- Who trained the students that revolted in the 60's?
- Their teachers who were New Deal Liberals
- What did the revolting students of the 60's resent?
- The materail comforts that the modern industrial society had provided for them because it made them felt guilty.
- What did regard Poverty, Atomic Weapons and racial prejuduice as?
- intolerable and evil