Aseptic Tech II

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class of disinfectant:: ALCOHOLS
members of this group: Roccal-Plus
Benzalkonium Chloride (Benz-All
Parvosol
HDQ
common used in the clinic: common antiseptic
common disinfectant
common dilution for use in vet hospitals is 1:40
important characteristics: concentrated solution (3%) is quite harsh on tissue.
Do not flush with this and H2O together, can push bacteria deeper into the wound.
precautions: Cats are especially sensitive to povidone-iodine compounds.
common uses in the clinic 70% isopropyl alcohol: 70% isopropyl alcohol:
common antiseptic on intact skin
A disinfectant used in thermometer holders.
Used to "swipe" skin before an injection
Used as a rinse when performing a surgical scrub on a patient.
Used to wet down the hair of animals to better visulize veins.
Sometimes applied over large areas to help cool an overheated patient down.
common used in the clinic Wood alcohol: fixing blood smears onto microscope slides
Important Characteristics: 70% isopropyl alcohol: inactived by organic debrea.
Compatible with soaps and detergants
Must have 1-2 mins. contact time to be effective.
denatures, cooks 'proteins'
Contraindicated for use on broken skin
Evaporates leaving no residue.
Evaporation cools the body
Removes skin oil, helps clean the skin, helps tape stick.
Activity enhanced by Iodine and Quaternary ammonium compounds.
Percautions 70% isopropyl alcohol: highly irritating to open wounds.
Can be drying to the skin
Flammible.
Percautions wood alcohol: Highly toxic
Can cause blindness if ingested.
Class of dininfectant:: Quaternary Ammonium compounds (quats)
n-alkyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride
common uses in the clinic Benz-All: Benz-All is a popular cold pack disinfectant solution that contains a rust inhibitor.
important characteristics Benz-All: supplied highly concerntrated.
Must use proper dilution or can be irritating, toxic and expensive.
important characteristics Quats in general: must use proper dilution or can be irritation, toxic and expensive.
Inactiviated by organic debris (sanitize prior to application)
toxic to cats (rinse well and caution not to leave any puddles of solution in cages)
Activity enhanced by alcohol.
Precautions Quats in general: toxic to cats (rinse well and caution not to leave any puddles of solution in cages
important characteristics viruses it can kill: Requires several minutes of contact to be effective.
Kills a large number of organisms:
notably - PARVOVIRUS, FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS, HUMAN PATHOGENS LIKE HIV AND HEP B.
important characteristics how it is used 1:32 dilution: 1:32=1 oz bleach:32oz H2O
= 1oz:1 qt = 30 cc
1qt = 120 cc: 1 gal = 4oz:1 gal
common conversion factors: 1 oz = 30 cc
8 oz = 1 cup
2 cups = 1 pt
2 pts = 1 qt
4 qt = 1 gal
1 qt = 32oz
1 gal = 128 oz
Class of Disinfectant: HALOGENS
two of two
member of this group: chlorhexidine (nolvasan)
blue in color
important characteristics how is it enhanced: enhanced by alcohol (tincture of iodine/surgical scrub = a povidon-iodine scrub followed by an isopropyl alcohol rinse and finally a povidone-iodine spray.
Important characteristics: Iodine(i2) and Iodophor (organic Iodide) compounds: `Compatible with soaps and detergents.
In solution used as a 10% povidone-iodine solution.
Full strenth usually with soap, used as a surgical scrub.
Potenciated by alcohol.
important characteristic: excellent residual activity - inactiviated by organic material
Corrosive to metal (don't use in cold packs)
Concentrated solution are damaging to tissue.
10% is a common dilution for irrigation of tissue.
memeber of this group: 33 hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
common uses in the clinic: used diluted 1:5 as a wound irrigate, removes debris and moreso BLOOD from open wounds.
Most common use is to remove blood from clothing and patients fur and skin.
dilutions for 3% hydrogen peroxide: dilue to 20% (1 part 3% H2O2 to 4 parts water = 1 part in every five.
percautions: do not use in closed wounds such as puncture wounds.
do not flush in combination with water.
do not use in abscess flush

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