ICC - Eng. Comp. I - Definitions Test 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- List and explain the 6 methods of essay development.
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1. Narration - (tells what happened) detailed account of what happened.
2. Description - (what does it look like) Gives a verbal portrait of a person, place, or thing.
3. Process Analysis - (how so you like it) A sequence of actions or changes that bring about a result.
4. Comparison - (How its similar and different) exams how 2 more things are similar/different.
5. Classification - (what kind of subdivision does it contain) organizes info into groups or categories. First you explain or define them and then divide it into smaller categories.
6. Definition - (how would you categorize it) provides a needed explanation of a word or concept. - List and explain the 4 requirements for a good paragraph.
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1. Unity - Each sentence should show a clear connection to the sentence before and to the Topic Sentence.
2. Completeness - Provide enough info to explain, but not too much.
3. Order - Organization so that the paragraph moves in only one direction.
4. Coherence - Must flow easily so the reader can move from sentence to sentence. - List the 3 types of special paragraphs.
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1. Introductory
2. Transitional
3. Concluding - List five ways to achieve coherence.
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1. Pronoun reference
2. Contrasted Elements
3. Repetitive Structure
4. Transitional Markers
5. Connection between paragraphs - List and explain the 4 directions of movement of topical paragraphs.
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1. General to Particular - General info moves toward specific info.
2. Particular to General - Specific info moves to more general info.
3. Whole to Parts - Made into divisions and each paragraph defines each division.
4. Question to Answer/Cause to Effect - The Question or Effect are listed first and then followed by the Answer or Cause in the paragraph - List the 3 characteristics of jargon.
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1. Highly Abstract
2. Excessive use of passive voice
3. Wordiness -
Words used by educated people in formal occasions.
a. Colloquial Words
b. Learned Words
c. Slang Words
d. Popular Words - Learned Words
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Words that are basic and used in everyday communications and belong to the populace.
a. Colloquial Words
b. Learned Words
c. Slang Words
d. Popular Words - Popular Words
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Words that have the characteristics of or appropriate to the spoken and written language, informal in diction or style of expression.
a. Colloquial Words
b. Learned Words
c. Slang Words
d. Popular Words - Colloquial Words
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Language of a highly colloquial type, also consider an insiders language.
a. Colloquial Words
b. Learned Words
c. Slang Words
d. Popular Words - Slang Words
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A word's explicit meaning.
a. Colloquial
b. Connotation
c. Denotation
d. Learned words - Denotation
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A word's implicit meaning.
a. Colloquial
b. Connotation
c. Denotation
d. Learned words - Connotation
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Compares 2 things - A & B - identifying one with the other; A is B...not A is like B.
a. Analogy
b. Metaphor
c. Simile
d. Personification - Metaphor
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Compares 2 things - A & B - asserting that one is like the other and often uses "like" and "as".
a. Analogy
b. Metaphor
c. Simile
d. Personification - Simile
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A figure of speech by which inanimate objects or abstractions are given human or animal characteristics.
a. Analogy
b. Metaphor
c. Simile
d. Personification - Personification
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An extended metaphor, through sentences or paragraphs that persuades the reader that 2 things are alike.
a. Analogy
b. Metaphor
c. Simile
d. Personification - Analogy
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The ways that something is written.
a. Tone
b. Style
c. Jargon
d. Allusion - Style
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First meant meaningless chatter, now it means a specialized language of a group or profession.
a. Tone
b. Style
c. Jargon
d. Allusion - Jargon
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Comparison between a historical, literature, or mythological event or person and the subject being discussed.
a. Tone
b. Style
c. Jargon
d. Allusion - Allusion
- List three ways to expand sentences by modification.
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1. Adjectives
2. Adverb Phrases
3. Clauses - List three ways to combine sentences.
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1. Combining sentences by coordination
2. combining sentences by subordination
3. Combining sentences using parallel structure. - List 4 reasons to revise sentences.
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1. Revise for Clarity
2. Revise for emphasis
3. Revise for economy
4. Revise for variety - List 4 ways to create purposeful emphasis.
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1. Emphatic word order
2. Emphatic repetition
3. Climactic order
4. Emphatic Voice - List 2 ways to eliminate wordiness.
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1. Delete useless words and phrases.
2. Substitute more economic words and phrases. - List three qualities of effective diction.
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1. Appropriateness
2. Specificity
3. Imagery - List 4 reasons to revise diction.
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1. Vagueness
2. Jargon
3. Triteness
4. Ineffective imagery - List and explain the 3 most important sentence types.
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1. The Balanced Sentence - 2 coordinates but contrasting structures are set off against each other like weights on a scale.
2. Periodic Sentence - Builds to a climactic statement in its final main clause.
3. Cumulative Sentence - (Loose Sentence) reverses the Periodic sentence order by placing the main idea first and then explains or gives examples.