chpt 7 Psychology summer
dafsa
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- shaping
- the process of gradually refining a response by successively reinforcing closer approximations of it
- conditioned stimulus
- a previously neutral stimulus that has been associated with a natural(or unconditional) stimulus
- unconditioned response
- an automatic response to a particular natural stimulus, such as salivation to meat
- stimulus
- anything that causes a response
- response
- a reaction to a stimulus
- continuous reinforcement
- each time a behavior occurs, reinforcemnt is given
- conditioned response
- a response to a stimulus that is brought about by learning for example, salivatin at the word pickle
- secondary reinforcement
- anything that comes to represent a primary reinforcer;such as money bringing food
- generalization
- a behavior that spreads from one situation to a similar one
- conditioning
- making an association between two events by repeated exposure
- schedules of reinforcement
- diff. methods of reinforcing
- positive reinforcement
- strenghtening the tendency to repeat a response by following it w/ the addition of something pleasant.
- discrimination learning
- learning to tell the diff. between one event or object and another; the reverse of generalization
- stimulus generalization
- a response spread from one specific stimulus to other stimuli that resemble the original
- classical conditioning
- associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus
- reinforcement
- something that follows a response and strengthens the tnedency to repeat that response
- chaining
- reinforcing the connection between diff. parts of a sequence
- extincition
- the gradual loss of an association over time
- partial reinforcement schedule
- reinforcement is not given each time an act is performed
- negative reinforcement
- strengthening a response by following it with taking away or avoiding something unpleasant
- primary reinforcement
- something necessary for psychological/physical survival that is used as a reward
- unconditioned stimulus
- automatically elicits a response, such as meat causing salivation
- operant conditioning
- results from ones actions and the consequences they cause
- punishment
- weakening a response by following it w/ unpleasant consequences