chemistry -- regents-- B--test 3
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- particles that are closely together
- solid
- particles that are close together but not as uniform as solid
- liquid
- no real structure-- particles are very spread out
- gas
- the atoms in these solids are arranged in an orderly manner
- crystalline solid
- no definate shape or volume
- Gas
- characteristics distinguishing a true solid from other phases of matter
- particles are vibrating without changing their relative positions
- kenitic theory of gasses
- energy must be transfered between colliding particles
- ideal gas us made up of gas particles that...
- are in random motion
- gas at the same temp must have the same
- average kenitic energy
- gasses occupy different volumes under different conditions of pressure and temp
- ideal gas behavior
- volume of a gas equals
- volume of its container
- "elestic"-- particles collide with the walls of their container
- no kenitic energy lost or gained -- this causes pressure of a gas
- the sum of all pressures of each individual gas in a mixture is equal to the total pressure of the system
- dalton's law of partical pressure
- the paddage of a gas (on gasses) through a small opening
- effusion
- the mixing of two gasses when in contact
- diffusion
- at a givenn temp and pressure the GREATER the density of a gas (more massive) the SLOWER a gas effuses
- Graham's law of effusion (diffusion)
- the passage of a gas (on gasses) through a small opening
- effusion
- gasses most likely to behave idealily
-
Hydrogen and hellium
(H2) and (He) -
IDEAL GAS
high temp - particles move fast
-
IDEAL GAS
low pressure (high volume) - keeps molecules far apart and moving fast
-
IDEAL GAS
small molecules - minimizes IMFs of attraction
- IMFs
-
intermolecular forces
(forces of attraction between neighboring particles) -
REAL GAS
low temp - particles move slow
-
REAL GAS
high pressure (small volume) - molecules are forced together and attracted to each other
-
REAL GAS
large molecules - maximize IMFs
- pressure goes up
- volume decreases