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Mr. M- vocab semester one midterm

Vocab semester one only words on the midterm.

Terms

undefined, object
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Infer
To derive by reasoning; conclude or judge from premises or evidence.
Linguistics
The scientific study of language.
Ethics
The philosophical study of morals and correct behavior (branch of philosophy is call ethics).
Epithet
Any word or phrase applied to a person or thing to describe an actual or attributed quality.
Rationalism
The philosophical theory that reason is the only valid for action or belief- the only basis for knowledge and spiritual truth
Bowdlerize
To remove questionable material from a text
Paradox
A brief comparison that doesn't seem to make sense but does (oxymorons are paradoxical)
Humanism
The philosophical theory that says that human beings , their interests and welfare are of a primary importance.
Civilization
A culture that is characterized by agriculture and/or domesticated livestock and a written language
Denotation
A word that names or signifies something specific.
Literature
The preserved writings of a give language or culture; particularly those writings which are considered "important" due to uniqueness and/or excellence of form and content.
Lingua Franca
A widely used language among people who speak different languages
Modernism
(all the arts) taking traditions and standards of art and challenging them
Syntax
Arrangement of sentences and clauses
Literal
Accordance with, involving, or being the primary or strict meaning of the word or words; not figurative or metaphorical.
Race
A human population that exhibits a distinctive genetic composition of physical traits. Cultural attitudes and practices are influence by rate, but race is purely genetic and scientifically superficial.
Personality
The sum total of behavior traits (both apparent and not) that are characteristic of an individual person.
Law
A standard of human behavior that is enforced (by threat or act of physical force or restraint) by a person or persons who have the recognized right to do so.
Aesthetics
The branch of philosophy that explores theories and ideas about the concept of beauty
Science
The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation and theoretical explanation of nature.
Art
The conscious production or arrangements of sound, color, form, movement, language or other elements in a manner that somehow affects the human sense of beauty
Connotation
The associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning.
Novella
A short novel work of fiction
Beauty
A pleasing quality associated with harmony of form, color, movement, sound, truthfulness, originality, or other unidentifiable quality (or combination of these)
Satire
Poking fun at a serious subject- the fun is meant to criticize the subject
Ideograph
A simple picture/symbol that represents without using letters or words
Reason
The capacity or action of rational, conscious thought.
Imply
To indicate or suggest without being explicitly stated.
Totem
An animal, plant or other object that is considered highly significant by an individual or social group.
Humanities
The branch of formal learning that is concerned with culture and its products
Sisyphean
Of or related to a task that is or seems endless (often used figuratively)
Determinism
The philosophical theory that every human act or decision is the inevitable result of specific influences (physical, psychological, environmental) that are independent of human will
Philosophy
Literally, the love of learning; commonly, the branch of academics which explores the concepts of reality, human conduct, logic, ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics, others.
Magic
The control of supernatural forces through the use of repeated behaviors or rituals.
Virtue
The quality of moral excellence; goodness. The quality or one of the qualities of moral goodness.
Realism
In the narrative arts, artists try to depict life as close to reality as possible
romantic
Sexual love and everything that surrounds it
Figurative
Of the nature of or involving a figure of speech, esp. a metaphor; metaphorical; not literal.
Antithesis
Opposition; contrast.
Euphemism
Soft, acceptable word or phrase that substitutes for a harder unacceptable word or phrase
Religion
Belief in a supernatural being or beings and the related ways of behaving as a result.
Idiom
A word or phrase that is colloquial but is not necessarily understood by others speaking the same language.
Anthropomorphism
The attribution of human form to a non-human object
Chiasmus
A reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases.
Syllepsis
a verb used in two different senses
Logic
The academic study of reasoning processes, especially the structure of propositions examined in a step-by-step manner, with a focus on the relationships and interrelationships between and among steps
Empiricism
The philosophical theory that physical evidence is the only source of knowledge
Anthropology
The study of human cultures- their creations, institutions, group behaviors, religions, languages, and the like.
Thesis
Proposition stated or put forward for consideration.
Artifact
Any object that has been "worked" by human beings or used as a tool
Intuition
The act or capacity of knowing and understanding without the apparent use of rational, logical processes
Neologism
A word that is new to a language.
Language
The words, their pronunciations and the methods of combining them used and understood- both literally and figuratively and in speech or writing- by a group
Learning
Acquired wisdom, knowledge, skill; or a change in behavior - mental and/or physical- as a result of experience.
Mysticism
The belief in the existence of realities
Colloquialism
Casual, everyday, speech and writing
Cognate
Related words in various languages
Dialectic
An argument using logic, back and forth

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