vocab test chap 20
Terms
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- heresy
- beliefs contradicting the official teachings of the church
- New Testament
- second part of Christian bible, including gospels
- social pyramid
- social structure in shape of pyramid, layers representing different social statuses
- chapel
- room, sometimes inside a larger church, set aside for prayer and worship
- plaza
- public square or other open area in city where people could gather
- Holy Communion
- sharing of bread and wine consecrated by priest or minister
- glyph
- symbol or character in hieroglyphic writing
- strait
- narrow body of water connecting two seas
- corruption
- dishonest and illegal practices, especially involving money
- daimyo
- local lord in Japan in era of samurai
- doctrine
- official teachings of a religion or church
- dissect
- to cut and seperate parts of living thing for scientific study
- ward
- neighborhood that is political unit within city
- coming-of-age ceremony
- ceremony celebrating end of childhood and acceptance into adult community
- communal
- shared by community/group
- perspective
- appearance of distance or depth on flatt surface, like painting
- pictograph
- written symbol representing idea/object
- Old Testament
- first part of Christian bible, corresponding to Jewish bible
- slash-and-burn agriculture
- farming tech. in which vegetation is cut and burned for growing crops
- New World
- name given by Europeans to the Americas
- latitude
- measure of how far north or south from a line parallel to equator
- imperial
- belonging or related to emperor
- nationalism
- identification with and devotion to one's nation
- subject
- person under rule of monarch
- cartography
- art and science of mapmaking
- martial arts
- styles of fighting/self-defense, like modern judo
- playwright
- author of plays
- engraving
- print of image that has been etched on hard surface like metal
- massacre
- killing of many helpless or unresisting people
- capitalism
- economic system based on investment of money for profit
- mercenary
- soldier paid to fight w/ other country/group
- aviary
- enclosed space or cage for keeping birds
- hoist
- mech. device for lifting people or objects
- market economy
- economy in which prices are determined by buying and selling decisions of individuals in the market
- inflation
- increase in supply of money compared to goods, resulting in higher prices
- alliance
- group of countries, city-states, or other entities who agree to work together, often to fight enemies
- pulpit
- platform or other stucture in a church from which priest preaches
- noh theater
- classic form of Japanese drama, with heroic themes, chorus,and dance
- longitude
- measure of how east or west from a line running from N pole to S pole
- predestination
- belief that fate of each soul was decided by God at beginning of time
- aristocracy
- ruling class of noble families
- imagery
- descriptive/imaginative writing, inspiring mental pictures
- syllable
- unit of sound in a word
- original sin
- sinful state in which all are born into
- ritual
- set of actions always performed same way as part of religious ceremony
- litter
- seat/chair on which person is carried, carriage for high ranking people
- theocracy
- gov. or state in which God is the supreme ruler, officials govern in God's name
- pagoda
- towers shaped structure with several stories and roofs
- blasphemy
- act of disrespect towards God
- northwest passage
- water route through N America connecting the Atlantic and Pacific
- cottage industry
- small scale business in which people work at home
- simony
- buying and selling of holy things
- proportion
- relative sizes of things
- Mesoamerica
- ' Middle America', region extending form modern Mexico through central america
- ayllu
- an Inca clan(group of related families), basic unit of Inca society
- caravel
- a small fast ship able to sail in shallow water
- indulgence
- grant by the Catholic church releasing person from punishment for sins
- mystic
- person devoted to religion and has spiritual experiences
- solar year
- time Earth takes to travel around sun
- woodcut
- print of an image that has been carved in wood
- Puritan
- Protestant wanting to purify Christian religion
- armada
- large fleet of ships
- scripture
- sacred writings
- plantation
- large farm where crops like tobacco, rubber, and sugar are grown
- secular
- relating to earthly life, instead of religious matters
- regent
- one who rules in the name of another
- stele
- stone slab or pillar with carvings or inscriptions
- courtier
- member of ruler's court
- circumnavigate
- to travel completely around something
- axis
- imaginary line drawn through a sphere
- colony
- country or area ruled by another country
- shogun
- head of military gov. of Japan in era of samurai
- patron
- person who supports arts by funding them
- hieroglyphic
- writing using pictures as symbols
- denomination
- particular religious grouping within a larger faith
- missionary
- person who works to spread a religion and make converts
- dike
- wall or dam built to hold back water and prevent flooding
- pok-a-tok
- Mayan ball game w/ religious significance
- divination
- art of telling the future or finding hidden knowledge through religious means
- sacrifice
- gift of animal for slaughter as a way honor gods
- absolute monarchy
- ruler's power is unlimited
- satire
- work with sharp humor to attack people or society
- causeway
- raised road built across water or low ground
- meditation
- spritual discipline involving deep relaxation
- mercantilism
- policy in which nations gather as much gold and silver as possible through controlling trade and establishing colonies
- papacy
- office or position of pope as head of Catholic church
- epidemic
- outbreak of disease