1st Quarter CRT Geo. SG
Vocabulary, Identifications etc.
Terms
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- Babylon
- Jews where exiled there; Hammurabi was once a great king there
- Nile River
- longest river in the world, 4000 miles; fertile soil for succesful farming; Hapi=Nile River god
- New Kingdom
- Egypt acquired new territory and reached the height of its power
- embalming
- process of preserving bodies for the afterlife w/ herbs and linens
- Judaism
- the ancient Isrealite Faith; became Judaism during the Babylonian exile
- land bridge
- where scientists believe that people crossed from Asia to North America, Beringia
- anthropologist
- focus on learning about the human society by studiying art, writings, etc.
- scribes
- wealthy men who learned how to write
- Neolithic Age
- New Stone Age, began when people stated farming
- Nile River floods
- created fertile soil; not feared by the people
- anno domini
- "In the Year of the Lord."
- King Solomon + govt.
- not liked by the people; heavy taxes to pay for great buildings; Isrealite king
- ziggurat
- great temple built by Sumerians (pyramid like)
- Aztecs
- located in the Valley of Mexico, warriors, conqured by the Spanish explorers
- Torah
- the Hebrew holy book
- Native Americans (causes of death)
- mostly died due to measles and smallpox
- artifacts
- weapons, tools and other things made by man
- Mayan Civilization
- located in a dense forest, city-states, mysterious end,
- covenant
- agreement; made with God
- messiah
- a savior sent by God
- synagogue
- Jewish house of worship and prayer
- Paleolithic people
- lived during hte ice Ages, mostly survived by using fire
- rabbi
- teacher of the Jewish Book and the laws
- The Book of the Dead
- collection of spells and prayers to help you get t othe afterlife, studied by the Egyptians
- conquistador
- a Spanish explorer sent to Mexico
- exile
- forced living in another place or city
- Mesopotamia
- Greek for "Land between 2 rivers", hot dry climate, fertile soil for farming b/c of flooding
- Pachacuti + govt.
- Incan King; established a strong central government
- Hernan Cortes + govt.
- Spanish soldier; conquered the Aztecs by using guns, horses and an epidemic
- Ice Age
- Paleolithic people, great sheets of frozen ice, survived by the discovery of fire
- cuneiform
- the writing of the Sumerians
- fossils
- races of plants and animals that have been preserved in rock
- Tigris River/ Euphrates River
- cradle of civilization, location of some of the first civilizations, good farming, fertile soil
- deity
- god or goddess
- Hammurabi + govt.
- known for his famous code of laws; some were cruel, but he tried to be just
- epic
- a long poem telling of great deeds or people, tell events in history
- dynasty
- a line of rulers from one family
- Old Kingdom
- lasted until about 2300 B.C. ; Egypt grew, built cities, traded
- Sumerians + govt.
- city states, located in Mesopotamia
- archaeologist
- hnt for evidence buried in the ground where people once lived
- mummy
- linen wrapped body; final product of embalming
- city-state
- an individual city with land and walls around it separate government
- civilization
- complex societies with cities, organized governments, art, religion, class systems, and writing
- monotheism
- belief in one God
- Middle Kingdom
- period of peace, stability, and prosperity; achievements; andvances in art and architecture
- historian
- people who study and write about hte human past
- hieroglyphics
- Egyptian form of writing; pictures and symbols; thousands of them
- domestication
- taming plants and animals for human use