Chapter 7-Religion
Terms
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- Hinduism
- oldest organized religion starting in the indus river valley
- Confucianism
- a philosophy of theics, education, and public service based on the writis of confucious and the traditionally thought of as one of the core elements of chinese culture
- Judaism
- religion with its roots in the teachings of abraham
- religion
- a system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in therms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities
- genocide
- the systematic killing or extermination of an entire people or nation
- Islam
- the youngest of the major world religions, islam is based on the teachings of muhammad
- Buddhism
- religion founded in the sixth century BCE and characterized by the belief that enlightenment would come through knowledge, especially self=knowledge; elimination of greed, craving, and desire; complete honesty; and never hurting another person or animal. buddhism splintered from hinduism as a reaction to the strict social hierarchy maintained by hinduism
- Shamanism
- community faith in traditional societies in which people follow thier shaman
- religious extremism
- religious fundamentalism carried to the point of violence
- Protestant
- one of the three major branches of christianity
- shari'a laws
- the system of islamic law
- Eastern Orthodox Church
- one of the three major branches of christianity, the eastern orthodox church, together with the roman catholic church, a second of the three major branches of christianity, arose out of the roman empire by empereor diocletian into four governemtal regions: two western regions centered in rome and two eastern regions centered in constantinople
- relgious fundamentalism
- religious movement whose objectives are to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy
- jihad
- a doctrine in islam known as the 'holy war'
- minarets
- tower attached to a muslim mosque
- universalizing religion
- a religions trying to find more followers
- secularism
- the idea that ehical and moral standars should be formulated and adhered to for life on earth
- ethnic religion
- a religion that is particular to one, culturally distince, croup of people. unlike universalizing religions, adherents of ethric religions do not actively seek converts through evangelism or missionary work
- monotheistic religion
- a religion with one god
- activity space
- the space within which daily activity occurs
- Zionism
- the movement to unite jewish people of the diaspora and establish a nation homeland for them in the promised land
- animistic religion
- the beleif that inanimate objects, such as hills, trees, rocks, rivers, and other elements of natural landscape, possess souls and can help or hinder human efforts on Earth
- intrafaith boundaries
- boundaries within a single major faith
- Feng Shui
- the chinese art and science of placement and orientation of tombs, dwellings, buildings, and cities
- Roman Catholic Church
- one of the three major branches of christianity
- Taoism
- religion beleived to have been founded by Lao-Tsu and based upon his book entitled Tao-te-ching
- sacred sites
- place or space people infuse with religious meaning
- interfaith boundaries
- boundaires between the worlds major faiths
- Sunni
- adherent to the largest brach of islam
- pilgrimage
- voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site
- Shintoism
- religion locsated in japan and related to buddhism
- Christianity
- based on teachings of jesus. according to the christian teaching, jesus is the son of god, placed on earth to teach people how to live according to god's plan
- Shi'ite
- adherents of one of the two main divisions of islam
- hajj
- the muslim pilgrimage to mecca, the birth place of muhamid
- caste system
- the strict social segregation of people-specifically in india's hindu society-on the basis of ancestry and occupation
- diaspora
- from the greek word "to disperse", a term describing forceful or voluntary dispersal of a people from their homeland to a new place. originally denoting the sispersal of jews, it is increasingly applied to other population dispersals, such as the involuntary relocation of Black peoples during the slave trade or chinese peoples outside of mainland china, taiwan and hong kong.
- polytheistic religion
- a religion with more than one god