bio final... ahhh!
Terms
undefined, object
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- fine adjustment knob
- adjustment knob used only with the high power objective
- atom
- smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element
- pH scale
- measurement scale used to indicate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution. ranges from 0-14
- compound
- substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
- enzyme
- proteins that act as biological catalysts, speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells
- chloroplast
- absorb energy and convert it into chemical energy used to make food-green
- what are the 8 characteristics of living things?
- Made of cells, Reproduction, Growth and Development, Based on Universal Genetic Code, Obtain materials and use energy, respond to environment, maintain stable internal environment, group changes over time
- compound light microscope
- microscope that uses two lenses and a light source
- ionic bond
- bond where atoms gain or lose electrons
- hypotonic solution
- solution that has a lower solute concentration on the outside then inside. water is higher outside
- solvent
- substance in which the solute dissolves
- lysosomes
- involved in breaking down organelles that have outlilved their usefulness, removes junk
- solute
- substance that is dissolved.
- hydrophobic
- nonpolar, fatty acid tails
- electron
- negative sub atomic particle
- nucleus
- condains DNA, code for protein
- dehydration synthesis
- the process where 2 monomers combine together to make a water molecule
- golgi apparatus
- modifies, sorts and packages proteins and other material
- monomers
- DELETE ME
- DNA
- code for proteins
- metabolism
- combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down material as it carries out its lifes processes
- species
- groups of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
- suspension
- mixture of water and nondissolved materials
- phylogeny
- evolutionary relationships among organisms
- base
- above 7 on the pH scale
- diaphragm
- disc dial on the side of the microscope that controls the amount of light entering the microscope
- monosaccharides
- monomers of carbs
- nucleic acid
- store and transmit hereditary or genetic info.
- hydrophylic
- water loving, polar, phosphate head
- polypeptides
- polymers of proteins
- leucoplast
- stores food molecules- white
- eyepiece
- capable of 10x magnification, you look through it
- covalent bond
- bond where atoms share electrons
- electron microscope
- foucuses beams of electrons
- amino acids
- monomers of nucleic acids. more then 20 different ones
- nucleolus
- asembly of ribosomes begin, nuclei contain small/dense region
- ribosomes
- proteins are assembled on them, produces proteins, carry heretitary info.
- centrioles
- organized microtubules during cell division
- taxonomy
- scientist classify organisms and assign each organism a universally xcepted name
- polar molecule
- molecule where charges are unevenly distributed.
- rough ER
- transports proteins, has ribosomes on it
- electromagnetic spectrum (rays)
- consists of varrying wave lengths, including: radio, microwave, radar, infrared, visible light, UV, X-ray, gamma
- dipeptides
- dimers of proteins
- nuclear envelope
- double membrane that encloses genetic material in the cell
- cytoskeleton
- helps support the cell, helps maintain cells shape/movement
- 7 taxonomic categories
- DELETE ME
- neutron
- neutral sub atomic particle
- active transport
- uses energy, (examples) endoctosis and exocytosis
- binomial nomenclature
- universally accepted name given to an organism
- 3 polysaccharides
- starch, glycogen, cellulose
- mixture
- material composed of two or more elements that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined
- 3 monosaccharides
- gluctose, galactose, fructose
- carbohydrate (function in organism, ratio)
- short term energy, 1 carbon:2 hydrogen:1 oxygen
- solution
- mixure of two or more substnaces in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed
- molecule
- smallest unit of most compounds
- element
- substance tht cant be broken down into simpler substnaces
- large central vacuole
- stores material and makes it possible for plants to store weight
- heterotroph
- orgainsm that obtains energy from the foods it consumes
- mitochondria
- organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds so they're convenient for the cell
- nuclear pores
- these (more then one)allow material to move into and out of the nucleus
- low power objective
- objective that has a magnification of 10x
- proton
- positive sub atomic paritcle
- autotroph
- organism that can capture evergy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food fromo iorganic compounds
- scan objective
- objective that has a magnification of 4x
- lipids
- store energy, also known as fats
- organelles
- specialized organs,little organs
- cytoplasm
- works with nucleus, helps with cell reproduction,portion outside nucleus
- cholesterol
- gives animal membrane stability
- genus
- make up species
- classification
- system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner.
- disaccharides
- dimers of carbs
- cell wall
- provides structure and support in a plant cell
- DNA
- universal code of instructions that determine their inherited traits.
- acid
- below 7 on the pH scale
- homeostatis
- maintaining an internal balance such as water content or temperature
- reproduction
- process where an organism produces more of its own kind
- chromoplast
- stores food molecules- many colors
- 3 dissacharides
- maltose=g+g, sucrose=g+f, lactose=g+gal.
- passive transport
- uses no energy (osmosis, diffusion, facilitaded diffusion)
- cell/plasma membrane
- boundary, allows things to go in and out of the cell
- coarse adjustment knob
- adjustment knob used only with the scan and low power objectives
- prokaryote
- single celled orgainsm lacking a nucleus
- hypertonic solution
- solution has a higher solute concentration on the outised then inside. water is lower outside
- monopeptides
- monomers of proteins
- evolution
- gradual change in a species over time and in response to the environment
- proteins
- control rate of reaction, form muscles and bones
- high power objective
- objective that has a magnification of 40x
- eukaryote
- many cells, organism whose cells contain nuclei
- isotope
- element that has same amount of protons, but different amount of neutrons
- polysaccharides
- polymers of carbs
- organic molecules
- molecules that contain carbon
- Taxonomic categories/Linnaeus's system of classification
- kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
- smooth ER
- sythesis of lipids, detoxification
- macromolecules
- made by bonding monomers to make polymers