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Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

Terms

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Sceintific Method
Francis Bacon established this process
Tycho Brahe
Danish astronomer who studied the heavens and built the first astronomical lab; called "The Data Collector"
Sir Isaac Newton
wrote "Principia Mathmatica"; developed calculus and made the Laws of Gravity
Jean Jacques Rousseau
"Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains."; "Society corrupts mane's natural goodness."; wrote "Emile" and thinks man should not learn from books
Deism
a controversial belief that made the church mad.. God was the "prime mover" of the universe; "..God was the clockmaster.."
Edward Jenner
found the vaccine for Small Pox
Rene DesCartes
"The Doubter"; said, "How do I know that I even exist?".. In Latin "Cogito ergo sum"- "I think therefore I am."
John Locke
nature of man; "Tabula Rasa" (Blank slate); "You are a sum total of all your experiences."
Immanuel Kant
wrote "Critique of Pure Reason"; said, "Some things exist even though you can't necessarily see or prove it
Baron de Montesquieu
wrote "Spirit of Laws"; three branches of government- judicial, executive, legislative
Philosophes
French for philosophers; means enlightened thinker
Noble Savage
how Rousseau describes man
Copernicus
disproves Ptolemy with the Heliocentric Theory (sun-center theory); wrote "The Heavenly Bodies"
Steps of the Scientific Method
Step 1: Experimentation. Step 2: Collecting Data. Step 3: Interpretation.
Locke's natural rights
life, liberty, property
Johann Kepler
promoted the Three Laws of Planetary Motion
Denis Diderot
edited first encyclopedia and it was placed on "The Index" as a forbidden book
Voltaire
French; wrote "Candide"; "Do things that happen for you.. happen for the best?"; "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
Andreas Vesalius
wrote the first human anatomy book and the eighth human body book
Galileo
first to use a telescope; proves heliocentric theory; said, "The Bible is not authority on scientific matters."; wrote "The Inquisition" (1632).. "And yet it moves.."
Robert Boyle
chemistry, "The Skeptical Chymist"
Thomas Hobbes
wrote "Leviathan"; said, "Man is naturally evil.. Without goverment, life would be chaos.."; felt the best type of government was absolute monarchy
Ptolemy
Geocentric Theory (earth-center theory)
The Age of Reason
man discovers the natural laws that govern the universe
William Harvey
discovers how the circulatory system works; wrote a book on the motion of heart and blood in animals
First Law of Planetary Motion
Planets move in ellyptical orbits around the sun.

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