Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
Terms
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- Sceintific Method
- Francis Bacon established this process
- Tycho Brahe
- Danish astronomer who studied the heavens and built the first astronomical lab; called "The Data Collector"
- Sir Isaac Newton
- wrote "Principia Mathmatica"; developed calculus and made the Laws of Gravity
- Jean Jacques Rousseau
- "Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains."; "Society corrupts mane's natural goodness."; wrote "Emile" and thinks man should not learn from books
- Deism
- a controversial belief that made the church mad.. God was the "prime mover" of the universe; "..God was the clockmaster.."
- Edward Jenner
- found the vaccine for Small Pox
- Rene DesCartes
- "The Doubter"; said, "How do I know that I even exist?".. In Latin "Cogito ergo sum"- "I think therefore I am."
- John Locke
- nature of man; "Tabula Rasa" (Blank slate); "You are a sum total of all your experiences."
- Immanuel Kant
- wrote "Critique of Pure Reason"; said, "Some things exist even though you can't necessarily see or prove it
- Baron de Montesquieu
- wrote "Spirit of Laws"; three branches of government- judicial, executive, legislative
- Philosophes
- French for philosophers; means enlightened thinker
- Noble Savage
- how Rousseau describes man
- Copernicus
- disproves Ptolemy with the Heliocentric Theory (sun-center theory); wrote "The Heavenly Bodies"
- Steps of the Scientific Method
- Step 1: Experimentation. Step 2: Collecting Data. Step 3: Interpretation.
- Locke's natural rights
- life, liberty, property
- Johann Kepler
- promoted the Three Laws of Planetary Motion
- Denis Diderot
- edited first encyclopedia and it was placed on "The Index" as a forbidden book
- Voltaire
- French; wrote "Candide"; "Do things that happen for you.. happen for the best?"; "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
- Andreas Vesalius
- wrote the first human anatomy book and the eighth human body book
- Galileo
- first to use a telescope; proves heliocentric theory; said, "The Bible is not authority on scientific matters."; wrote "The Inquisition" (1632).. "And yet it moves.."
- Robert Boyle
- chemistry, "The Skeptical Chymist"
- Thomas Hobbes
- wrote "Leviathan"; said, "Man is naturally evil.. Without goverment, life would be chaos.."; felt the best type of government was absolute monarchy
- Ptolemy
- Geocentric Theory (earth-center theory)
- The Age of Reason
- man discovers the natural laws that govern the universe
- William Harvey
- discovers how the circulatory system works; wrote a book on the motion of heart and blood in animals
- First Law of Planetary Motion
- Planets move in ellyptical orbits around the sun.