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Anatomy and Physiology

The matching from all of our anatomy tests that will be on the exam.

Terms

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Cilia
Small hairlike projections on certain cells
Threshold
the minimum level of stimulus required to bring about a response
Mitochondria
Almost all cellular respiration takes place here
Reticular
Layer of the dermis that contain collagen and elastic fibers that give the skin strength, extensibility, and elasticity
Motor Unit
a motor neuron fiber and the muscle fiber it stimulates
Osmosis
Diffusion of water
Facial Bones
Consists of 14 bones that make of the face
Contractility
the ability of a muscle to become shorter and thicker
Cartilage
A type of connective tissue that provides flexibility
Nucleus
Contains the chromatin
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transport Channel
Proximal
Nearest the point of attachment of an appendage
Lysosomes
Breaks down foreign invaders, food, an worn cell parts
Inferior
Lowermost part of the body
Posterior
Toward the back of the body
Cell Membrane
Selectively permeable
Occipital
Contains the foramen magnum
Lysosomes
Contains digestive enzymes
Mucus
A lubricating secreation
Summation
Additive effect of impulse that results in a muscle contraction
Lateral
Away from the midline
Active Transport
Moves against a concentration gradiant
Cranium Bones
Consists of 8 bones that enclose and protect brain
Matrix
The intercelular material in connective tissue
Golgi Aparatus
Packages, refines, and delivers proteins
Anatomy
The study of the structure of cells and organs
Costal
Type of cartilage that attaches ribs to sternum
Simple Squamous
The inner lining of all blood cells
Myosin
thick, dark myofilimet
Neuromuscular Junction
Connection point of motor neuron and muscle fiber
Stratum Corneum
Thickest layer of the epidermis composed of dead keratinized cells
Telophase
Cell splits
Medial
Nearest the midline
Visceral
Pertains to the covering of an organ
Prophase
Chromatin coils up and becomes chromozomes
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anterior
Toward the front of the body
Microvilli
Increases the surface area of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Has two types (rough & smooth)
Flaccid
loss of muscle tone
Flagella
Makes a whip-like action for cell movement
Epimyosium
Connective tissue surrounding a whole muscle
Diffusion
Molecules or ions moving from a greater to a lower concentration
Papillary Layer
Layer of the dermis that has projections that cause fingerprints
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Connects the cell membrane with other organelles and the nuclear membrane
Sarcoplasm
Cytoplasm of a muscle cell
Isometric
Muscle contraction that does not lift a load
Microfillaments
Causes cellular movement (contract & expand)
Stratum Corneum
Layer of the epidermis that contains cells with granuals in their cytoplasm
Exocytosis
Means of secreting a cell product
Distal
Away from the point of attachment of an appendage
Cervical
Vertebrae that contains the axis and atlas
Filtration
Solutes and solvents move due to pressure
Simple Cuboidal
Found in the secretory portion of glands an in kidneys
Anaphase
Chromosomes migrate to opposite sides of the cell
Morphology
The study of form and structure in plant and animals
Ciliated Eithelium
Lining in the respiratory tract
Cell Membrane
Composed of two lipid layers with proteins embedded
Cilia
Propels fluids like mucus over tissue
Endocytosis
Engulfing a large particle
Stratum Granulosum
Layer of the epidermis that contains the melanin producing cells
Parietal
Pertains to the outer layer or wall
Stratum Lucidum
Layer of the epidermis that contains a few rows of clear cells
Temporal Bone
Contains the mastoid process
Lacrimal Bone
Smallest bone in the face
Superior
Uppermost part of the body
Nucleus
Control center of cell
Irritability
the ability of living tissue to respond to stimulus
Active Transport
Requires ATP
Microtubules
Gives the cell support and makes up cilia and flagella
Interphase
DNA replicates
Sella Turcia
Site where the pituitary gland is located
Fibrous
Connective tissue which joins the bones together at a joint
Stratum Basale
Layer of the epidermis that consists of a single row of dividing cells
Ribosomes
Synthesizes protein
Ribosome
Tiny spherical organelle on the surface of E.R.
Perimyosium
Connective tissue surrounding a fasciculus
Adipose
Tissue in which fat is stored
Thoratic
Vertebrae with costal pits
Physiology
The study of how an organism works
Dialysis
Separates particles due to size
Epidermis
Main layer of the skin composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Endomysium
Connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
Collagen
A protein found in nonelastic connective tissue
Biology
The study of life
Subcutaneous Layer
Layer made of mostly fat tissue that lies beneath the skin
Actin
thin, light myofilament
Subthreshold
Impulse on muscle cell that does not cause a contraction
Isotonic
Muscle contraction that lifts a load
Cilia
Tinny hair-like structure
Centrosome
Plays a role in cellular reproduction
Hyoid Bone
Bone that the tongue is attached to
Dermis
Main layer of the skin that contains blood vessels
Sacromere
Contractile unit of a muscle

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