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feeley-who knows when...

Terms

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puritans
those protestants in England inspired by Calvinist ideas
the peace of augsburg
ended religous warfare in germany in 1555
time of troubles
the time following ivan's dynasty. a period of anarchy
price revolution
a dramatic rise in prices (inflation). A major problem in europe in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries
henry of navarre
succeeded to the throne as Henry IV In 1589
absolutism
ultimate authority in the states rested in the hands of a monarch who claimed to ruleby divine rights
peace of westphalia
officially ended The war in germany in 1648 stated that all german states, including Calvinist ones, were free to determine their own religion
frederick william
laid the foundation for the prussian state
peter the great
wanted to westernize europe
the stuart line of rulers
began with accession to the throne of elizabeth's cousin, the king of Scotland, who became James I of England
john knox
the successful Calvinist reformer of Scotland
ulrich zwingli
was a priest in Zurich where his preaching of the gospel causes such unrest that the city council in 1523 held a public debate btw zwingli's supporters and the Catholics. Zwingli won and cause of this over the new two years the city council introduced religious reforms in Zurich
predestination
the belief that god, as a consequence of his foreknowledge of all events, has predetermined those who will be saved (the elect) and those who will be damned
abstenteeism
chronic absence from one's duties; this practice of church officeholders who ignored their duties and paid subordinates to run their offices (often badly), contributed to the dissatisfaction that led to the Reformation
boyars
russian nobility
ulrich zwingli
was a priest in Zurich where his preaching of the gospel causes such unrest that the city council in 1523 held a public debate btw zwingli's supporters and the Catholics. Zwingli won and cause of this over the new two years the city council introduced religious reforms in Zurich
william the silent of nassau
helped to organize the revolt against King Philip II in the northern provinces
jean-baptise colbert
controller general of finances
ultra-catholics
an extreamly catholic party that favored strict opposition to the hugenots
john calvin
the leader of sweedish protestanism once zwingli died
elizabeth tudor
daughter of henry VIII and anne Boleyn. came to the throne In 2558
desiderius erasmus
His handbook of the Christian knight showed his concern with religion. a christian humanist.
Ignatius of Loyola
founded the society of jesus
pluralism
the holding of many church offices
micheal romanov
became tsar in 1613. this ended time of troubles
toleration act of 1689
granted puritans the right of free public worship. catholics were excluded from this right.
Ignatius of Loyola
founded the society of jesus
martin luther
a man in Germany who split with the catholic church and in so doing destroyed the religious unity of the western Christian world
valois monarchy
was strongly catholic
divine right of kings
the belief that kings receive their power directly from God and are responsible to no one except God
hugenots
French Calvinists
ivan IV the terrible
expanded the territories of russia eastward and crushed the power of the boyars
the thirty years' war
the "last of the religious wars" began in 1618 ended in 1648 was a struggle between catholic forces, led by the habsburg holy roman emperors, and protestant (primarily Calvinist) nobles in Bohemia who rebelled against habsburg authority and a conflict between france and the rulers of spain and the holy roman empire for European leadership
oliver cromwell
the only real military genius of the civil war between the Royalists and the Roundheads
hEnry VIII
closed about four hundred religious houses and their land and possessions were taken by him.
predestination
the belief that god, as a consequence of his foreknowledge of all events, has predetermined those who will be saved (the elect) and those who will be damned
tsar
russian word for Caser
witchcraft
the practice of sorcery or magic, that was once a part of traditional village culture but was denounced as heresy by the catholic church in the middle ages
charles V
wanted to keep control of the rule of his dynasty over his enormous empire and to preserve the unity of his empire in the catholic gaith.
armada
fleet of warships
king philip II
The greatest supporter of militant Catholicism in the second half of the sixteenth century
mercantilism
a set of principles that dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century
hEnry VIII
closed about four hundred religious houses and their land and possessions were taken by him.
cardinal richelieu
Louis XIII's chief minister
favorable balance of trade
nations tried to have this which is when the goods they exported were og greater value then those imported
edict of nantes
recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France, but also gave the Huguenots the right to enjoy all political privileges such as holding public offices
john calvin
the leader of sweedish protestanism once zwingli died
gentry
well-to-do landowners below the level of nobility
cardinal mazarin
became chief minister of Louis XIV in 1643 cause louis was only four
edict of worms
declared Martin Luther an outlaw within the empire and his works were to be burned and luther himself captured and delivered to the emperor
the house of commons
the lower house of Parliament
john knox
the successful Calvinist reformer of Scotland

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