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Child Psyc test 2

Terms

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cephalocaudal
pattern of growth that starts at the top of the head and gradually works down from top to bottom
proximodistal
pattern of growth that starts at the center of the bodies and move toward the extremities
what is the typical height and weight of a baby in North America?
7.5 pounds and 20 inches long
The growth year of the second year of life is considerably:
slower
the developing brain
extensive growth in utero and infancy;100 billion neurons and it is still developing
shaken baby syndrome
brain swelling and hemorrhaging: fathers => care givers => boy friend of the mother
PET and MRI scans may harm infants because:
radiation risk & infants wiggle to much
At birth newborn's brain is about _____ of its adult weight and by age 2 it is _____ of its adult weight.
25%; 75%
EEG shows brain activity spurt from:
11/2 to 2 years of age
Forebrain
cerebral cortex with 2 hemispheres; there are 4 lobes in each hemisphere (frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal); each hemisphere has lateralization
lateralization
specialization of function
frontal lobe
voluntary movement and thinking
parietal lobe
body sensations
temporal lobe
hearing
occipital lobe
vision
prefrontal cortex
higher level of thinking
left hemisphere myth
language and logical thinking
right hemisphere myth
emotion and creative thinking
enriched environments:
make the brain grow
impoverished environment
children who grow up in a deprived environment may have depressed brain activity; depression is common; the brain demonstrates both flexibility and resilience it is thought to be irreversible
sleep-waking cycle
typical newborn sleeps 18 hours a day; usually sleep up to 8 hours a night by 8 months
shared sleeping is controverisal
benefits: promotes breast feeding, quicker response to the baby's cries, allows the mother to detect any potentially dangerous breathing pauses negatives: increase risk of mother rolling over on the baby and SIDS
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
infant stops breathing, usually during the night, and dies w/o apparant cause; highest cause of infant death in US & highest risk is at 2-4 months
Infants that have the highest risk for SIDS
low birth weight, sibilings with SIDS, sleep apnea, lower SES groups, exposure to cigarette smoke, placement in soft bedding, abnormal brain stem functioning, AA & inuit infants
from birth to 1 year of age, infants nearly _____ their birth weight and increase their lengeth by ______.
triple; 50%
nurtritional reccomendation
50 calories a day for each pound they weigh
poor diets in infants
french frys, sweetend drinks, and desserts are leading to overweight infants
breast feeding benefits to the child
fewer GI infections, fewer lower respiratory tract infections, protects against wheezing, lesslikely to develop middle ear infections, less likely to have atopic dermatitis, less likely to become overweight or obese in childhood & adulthood, less likey to develop type 1 diabetes, less likely to experience SIDS
breast feeding benefits to the mother
lower incidence of breast cancer, reduction of ovarian cancer, small reduction in type 2 diabetes
malnutrition in infants
maramus & kwashiorkor
maramus
caused by a severe protein-calorie deficiency and results in wasting away of infant tissues in the 1st year
kwashiorkor
caused by a severe protein deficiency, usually appears between ages 1 & 3
Health in infants
immunizations begin in infancy & accident prevention => increased monitoring
asphyxiation
leading cause of death under 1
Habituation
name given to decrease responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations of the stimuli
dishabituation
the recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation

Deck Info

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