history final
Terms
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- Anselm
- argument for God's existence
- the renaissance
- means rebirth key: reason
- henry 8
- wanted a son to be successor but wife couldnt do it, no divorce= new religion called church of england/ anglican
- flagellants
- whips for religious reasons
- sacrament
- outward signs of religion
- circumnavigate
- to sail completely around
- domesday book
- complete census of landholdings in england ordained by the conquerer
- Erasmus
- praise or Folly book
- nepotism
- appointment to a position because of family relations
- machiavelli
- wrote "the prince"
- turks
- took over the middle east from the abbasids in the mid 1000's
- Charlemagne's coronation
- xmas 800, close cooperation between charlemagne and roman church
- theology
- study of gods
- kepler
- German astronomer
- mosque
- muslim temple or place of worship
- Muhammad
- prophet of islam
- john wycliffe
- started council to end the divide and corruption of church officials
- Aquinas
- wrote suma thelogica
- henry 4
- cannossa active lay investiture
- pope urban
- pope who ureded people of clermont to take up arms and recapture jerusalem
- florence
- key city in Italy where Renaissance began
- william of normandy
- william the conqueror, created doomsday book to prove he could collect taxes
- counter reformation
- catholic church's counter attack against the protestants
- huguenots
- french calvinists forced to emigrate
- schism
- division in a church over matters of discipline
- petrach
- modern poet
- abbasids
- welcomed arabs and non arabs to join islam thereby expanding the religion
- vernacular
- oral language of given people
- Caffa
- place where the black plague entered europe
- umayyds
- developed a way to help islams chose own leader not by blood of prophets
- Sicily
- Key for trading
- hajj
- pilgrimage to sacred places of islam
- travels of marco polo
- the reformation
- caliph
- leader of islamic community deputy to prophet muhammad
- Thomas More
- book utopia
- simony
- buy your way to heaven with $
- icons
- painted respresentation of holy person
- antisemitism
- prejedice vs. jews
- Galileo
- started scientific revolution in europe, invented telescope, laws of motions discover
- timbuktu
- city located on the Niger river in west africa
- heresy
- wrong belief in religious doctrine
- huns
- European barbaric tribe
- Joan D' arc
- patron saint of france
- Donatello
- sculpture
- benedict
- italian saint who formed communities where monks lived and prayed
- Hundred years war
- short battles between rich of france and enland
- benedictine
- rules of conduct given to monastic followers by saint benedict
- Michalangelo
- artist
- Luther
- "jusitification by faith"
- nicea
- important towns in Turkey
- Marco polo
- traveled to china stayed with emperor wrote book about it
- Charlemagne
- missi dominici, first holy roman emperor
- annul
- to void
- Alexius Comnenus
- Byzantine emperor who requested military assistance from the west
- lay investiture
- disagreement between pope and holy roman emperor
- Gutenberg
- german inventor of printing presses
- manor
- agricultural estate owned by noble worked by peasents
- indulgences
- pardon from punishment after guilt was forgotten
- thomas becket
- english bishop of canterbury who was be headed over issue of lay investiture
- schehezade
- rise of islam literarture
- canon law
- laws made by religious leaders
- crusade
- millitary exposition to recover holly land from muslims
- visiogoths
- the german tribe that took over spain were the west goths; also know as the visigoths
- guilds
- organization controlled prices
- commercial revolution
- trade with other merchants in other cities
- Mecca/ Medina
- prophet born in mecca, then moved to medina
- pilgrimages
- visit holyland, make a trip ot holy cities
- richard the lionhearted
- english king who went on a crusade and was captured and held for ransom
- humanism
- glorifies humans
- ex- communication
- barred from the RC community by decree of a bishop or pope
- chivalry
- qualites of ideal knight (honor, courtesy, generosity)
- interdict
- catholic- excluded from sacraments as punishments
- vassals
- a person subordinate (below) another person
- secular
- not religous wordly or humanistic
- pepin
- pepin hte short was Charlemagne's father
- Chaucer
- Author of Canterbury tales in English
- Battle of Hasting
- place where William the conqueror won a key battle to gain control of England
- tithe
- 1/10 of a persons annual captial gain to church
- Calvin
- Protestant religion, pope of Geneva
- Anne Boleyn
- 2nd wife of henry 8
- abu bakr
- leader of muslim religion after muhammeds death, muhammeds closest friend
- capital
- where official government is located
- pope
- bishop of rome, and head of RC church
- the d'medicis
- powerful financial and political family in florence Italy
- leonardo da vinci
- painted mona lisa
- The concil of trent
- Christian church response made them have a meeting to review basic church rules
- recant
- to withdraw a statement
- liege lord
- above a vasal
- ali
- relative of muhammed, last orthodox gods messenger
- byzantium
- easter half of the christian world was known as the Byzantine Empire
- artisan
- skilled in a particular craft
- secular
- not religious worldy or humanistic
- heliocentric
- sun is center of solar system
- merchantilism
- favorable trade balance through government control of exports and imports
- mercenary
- serving an army for pay
- cultural diffusion
- people pick up different cultures
- common law
- body or system of lawbased on court decisions
- frederick barbarossa
- german king who united the german speaking people, drowned enroute to a crusade
- raphael
- designed churches
- Catharine of Argonne
- wife of henry 8
- venice
- trading port in italy during middle ages
- renaissance artists
- ninja turtles
- merchantilism
- trade power over imports and exports
- apprentice
- seve while learning trade
- magna carta
- the limits of an english kings power
- vassal
- a noble who owed feudal duties to a superior called a suzerain
- bureaucracy
- government officials
- council of clermont
- group of French people to hear pope urbane 2 proclaim the "First Crusade"
- scholasticism
- combining religion and thoughts of greek philosophy
- hellenism
- blend of greek and asiatic cultures
- babylonian captivity
- period of church history when papacy captured by the french crown
- 5 pillars of islam
- 1 profession 2 prayer 3 fasting 4 pilgrimage 5 giving alms
- caravel
- type of ship (columbus sailed this)
- Constantinople
- eastern capitol of christian world
- Coperinicus
- astronomer sun is at the center of the universe
- Ignatius
- head of jesuits
- clovis
- first barbarian king to accept christianity
- fiefs
- land held by vassal
- patron`
- one who supports with money
- inquisition
- RC agency that was responsible for books
- Columbus
- Italian, convinced King to fund trip to Indes, discovered America
- usury
- lending money at an illegal amount of interest