Health Ch. 7 Vocab.
Terms
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- smooth muscle
- muscle located around the internal organs that automatically controls many functions of the body
- relative muscular endurance
- how many times you can lift a given weight in relation to your body weight and gender
- weight training
- the use of such equipment as barbells, dumbbells, and machines to improve fitness, health and appearance
- progressive resistance
- the continued, systematic increase of muscle stress through the use of weights or other forms of resistance
- eccentric contraction
- a muscle's slow release of a contraction as it becomes longer; negative work
- isometric contraction
- a muscle's pushing against an immovable object and having no movement occur as it attempts to contract
- weight machines
- a system of cables and pulleys designed for the movement of weights as used in weight-training exercises
- hypertrophy
- muscle enlargement due to the thickening of each existing muscle fiber
- contract
- to shorten
- skeletal muscle
- muscle located around the bones and joints that controls movement
- hyperplasia
- a theory of muscle enlargement that says muscle growth is due to muscle fibers splitting and creating additional fibers
- isotonic progressive resistance
- a combination of concentric and eccentric muscle contractions
- atrophy
- a loss of muscle size and strength because of lack of use
- free weights
- objects of varied weights that can be moved without restriction and used for weight lifting; barbells & dumbbells
- nerve
- in a muscle the part that delivers the messages from the brain to direct each individual muscle fiber to contract
- genetic potential
- inherited muscle characteristics that determine the percentage, type, and number of your muscle fibers
- blood vessel
- in a muscle the structure that provides oxygen, energy, and a waste removal system for each muscle fiber
- relative muscular strength
- how much weight you can lift one time in relation to your body weight and gender
- connective tissue
- the glue for the body tissue that binds muscles together while still allowing them to move more efficiently
- concentric contraction
- the contraction and shortening of a muscle, which results in the movement of bones and joints; positive work
- muscle fibers
- long, thin structures the size of human hairs that contract to create movement
- microtear
- a small tear in a part of a muscle fiber or connective tissue because of greater-than-usual resistance; causes muscle soreness
- cardiac muscle
- muscle in the heart and arteries