Sociology CGS
Terms
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- What is Social Science?
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-The study of human society and of individual relationships in society
-study of social behavior - Traditional Ways of Knowing
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1-Revelation
2-Tradition
3-Authority
4-Logic
5-Common Sense - Sociological Imagination
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C. Wright Mills coined the term, Abiltiy to understand the relationship between peoples personal life (micro perspective) & the social forces that surround them (macro perspective)
-connecting the two perspectives, and ability to place their life into world/history/society --> Having S.I. leads to a better control of life. - Role Theory
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George Herbert Mead
-the individual learns about society, he or she learns what sorts of behaviors are expected by people in different situations, or role in that society - Social Perspectives
- awareness towards the world, enables people to understand their life better
- Social Map
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Peter Berger coined the phrase
"If we are aware of social forces we will understand our own actions and behaviors better"
Determinants: gender, age, ethnicity, religion, culture, nationality, race, social class, historical background
-We are born into our place on the social map - Modern Science: A means of explanation...
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-nature is patterned
-nature can be exposed through empirical evidence
-phenomena in nature have a cause & effect relationships
-nature can be understood by reason...so that science can lead to progress & positive changes in our lives
-science is open, objective and changeable. - Looking Glass Theory
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Charles Horton Cooley
Peoples self identities are largely formed by the way other people react to them, through a process of "social feedback" - Epistemology
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Study of knowledge & how it is validated...
Scientific method; there is order in nature - Durkheim
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-Argues that society can drive someone to suicide, not always the individual...
-If one can not place themselves on the social map, this is a socialogical flaw and he believed led to suicide. - Micro perspective
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A more individual perspective, subjective deals w/ the immediate conflict rather than the big patterns
Deals w/ individual perspectives of reality - Macro Perspective
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looking at the big picture; at a large cultural/social level
assumes that in any society you can find larger influential forces - Projective Technique
- any personality test designed to yield information about ones personality on the basis of their unrestricted response to ambigous objects or situations, to expose the subjective
- Egoistic Suicide
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Durkheim:
-individual shuts themselves off from other human beings
-tends to happen in more modern societies - Anomic Suicide
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Durkheim:
-when the person believes that the world has fallen apart around them
-tends to happen in more modern societies - Altruistic Suicide
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Durkheim:
-springs from a great loyalty to a cause
-tends to happen more w/ traditional societies
-stems from honor and prestige - Interactionalism
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Mead
Individuals in face-to-face interaction create social consensus
-focus on "symbols"...not physical actions
-believe our personality is shaped by our social interactions
-key concepts: interpretation, consensus, symbols, shared expectations, socially created reality - Functionalism
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a system of interelated parts
- people are shaped by society to perform important functions for society
-key concepts: integrity, interdependence and stability