Ch 15 History
Terms
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- Frederick IV of the Palatinate
- Allied himself with Augustus II and with Peter I of Russia against Charles XII
- Maximillian of Bavaria
- Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire.
- Ferdinand of Styria
- Holy Roman emperor who waged constant war against Protestant forces.
- Battle of White Mountain
- Catholic win near Prague. Protestantism was exterminated until 1648.
- Albrect von Wallenstein
- Austrian military leader who fought for the Hapsburgs during the Thirty Years' War
- Gustavus Adolphus
- King of Sweden (1611–1632) who wanted control of Baltic States and was killed at the Battle of Lützen.
- Peace of Westphalia
- European settlements that ended the Thirty Years' War.
- Sovereignty
- A territory existing as an independent state.
- Bishop Jacques Bossuet
- Spoke for the rights of the French church against papal authority.
- Cardinal Richelieu
- Directed France during the Thirty Years' War as chief minister of Louis XIII.
- Intendents
- An administrative official serving a French, Spanish, or Portuguese monarch.
- Cardinal Mazarin
- Italian-born French cardinal who was tutor and chief minister to Louis XIV.
- The Fronde
- A political party in France who opposed the government.
- The Parlement of Paris
- Supreme court under the ancien régime in France.
- Louis XIV
- Waged three major wars: the Dutch War, the War of the Grand Alliance, and the War of the Spanish Succession.
- Jean-Baptiste Colbert
- French politician who served as an adviser to Louis XIV.
- Versailles
- A city of north-central France southwest of Paris.
- Peace of Utrecht, Peace of Rastatt
- Series of treaties concluding the War of the Spanish Succession.
- The Hohenzollerns
- A family dynasty of electors, kings, and emperors of Prussia, Germany, and Romania.
- Ivan the Terrible
- The first czar of Russia (1547–1584). He terrorized the Russian aristocracy.
- Boyars
- A member of a class of Russian nobility that headed the civil and military administration.
- Michael Romanov
- Czar of Russia (1613–45), founder of the Romanov dynasty.
- Peter the Great
- Russian czar (1682–1725) who extended his territory around the Baltic and Caspian shores.
- Table of Ranks
- A formal list of positions and ranks in military, government, and court of the Imperial Russia.
- Holy Synod
- The governing body of any of the Eastern Orthodox churches.
- Great Northern War
- Final stage of the struggle over the Polish-Swedish succession.
- Suleiman I
- Sultan of Turkey (1520–1566) under whose governance the Ottoman Empire reached the height of its power.
- Janissaries
- Elite corps of the Ottoman Empire's army from the late 14th to the early 19th century.
- Siege of Vienna
- Attempted capture of Vienna by Ottoman Turkey.
- Sejm
- The lower house of the Polish parliament.
- Stadholders
- Formerly, the chief magistrate of the United Provinces of Holland.
- Fluyt
- Type of sailing vessel originally designed as a dedicated cargo vessel.