history exam prep chapter 7
vocab for first semester
Terms
undefined, object
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- constitution
- a document in which the laws principles, organization, and processes of a government are established
- contrast
- difference
- flexible
- able to change
- compromise
- an agreement in which each sides give up parts of what it wants
- Articles of Confederation
- 1st plan of government for United States, limited power and only one branch
- First Amendment
- guarantees freedom of religion, speech, and press
- executive
- in government person who runs the government and sees that the laws are carried out
- Gouverneur Morris
- author of most of the Preamble of the Constitution
- ratify
- to approve
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- system for sales and settlement of public land. Divide into townships which are 6 square miles, townships are divided into 36 sections for purchases
- emotion
- strong feeling about something or someone
- Alexander Hamilton
- author of the Federalist papers supporting Constitution
- individual
- of, for or by a single person or thing
- James Madison
- he wrote much of the Constitution and led the fight to get it approved by the states, author of Feeralist papers supporting ratification of Consitution
- George Washington
- president of the Constitutional Convention, first president of the U.S., revolutionary war hero
- Fourth Amendment
- protects citizens from unreasonable searches of their homes
- Slave Trade Compromise
- stated that laws could be made in 20 years that could ban the importation of enslaved people
- John Jay
- author of Federalist papers supporting Consitution
- Daniel Shays
- leader of over 1,000 Massachusetts farmers in an uprising after the state seized and sold their farms for non-payment of taxes
- Shay's Rebellion
- uprising of Massachusetts farmers protesting the seizing of their farms for non-payment of taxes
- New Jersey Plan
- plan for Constitution calling for 1 house legislature with equal representation for each state
- Roger Sherman
- he helped draft the Great Compromise that determined how states would be represented in Congress
- devise
- to think up an idea for something and figure out how it will work
- Three-Fifths Compromise
- compromise stating that three-fifths of all other people would be counted in a states population (slaves
- amendment
- addition or alteration to a document
- Great Compromise
- the government would consist of 3 branches, the legislative branch would have 2 houses, Senate- 2 representatives per state House of Representatives- seats would be based on state's population
- Virginia Plan
- 3 branches of goverment, legislative branch would have 2 houses with number of seats based on population
- bill of rights
- written list of freedoms that a government promises to protect
- economic depression
- period when business activity slows, prices and wages drop, and unemployment rises
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787
- three step process for admitting new states, when population reaches 60,000 it may ask to become a state
- judicial branch
- a system of courts to interpret the law
- Constitutional Convention
- meeting of nation's leaders to change Articles of Confederation, but Constitution was written
- James Wilson
- Pennsylvania representative believe that representatives should be elected by the people