History of Britain
Terms
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- Expeditions of Julius Caesar to England
- 55-54 BC
- Invasion by the Emperor Claudius
- 43
- South and east of England conquered by Romans
- 47
- Foundation of London
- c.50
- Revolt of Boundicca and the Iceni
- 61
- Conquest of Wales, the north and parts of Scotland
- 70-84
- Hadrian's Wall begun
- c.122
- Antonine Wall begun
- c.143
- Emperor Constantine the Great proclaimed at York
- 306
- Romans withdraw troops from Britain
- 410
- Invasion by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes
- c.450-550
- St Augustine's mission arrives in Kent
- 597
- Synod of Whitby
- 664
- Death of Bede
- 735
- Accession of Offa in Mercia
- 757
- Viking raids on Linisfarne, Jarrow and Iona
- 793-5
- Viking/Danish armies conquer England
- 865-78
- King Alfred defeats Danes
- 878
- Death of Alfred the great
- 899
- Edward and Aethelflaed reconquer most of Danelaw
- 910-20
- Athelstan becomes king
- 924
- Dunstan becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
- 960
- King Swei leads Danish invasion
- 1003
- Cnut becomes king of all England
- 1016
- Death of Cnut
- 1035
- Edward the Confessor becomes king
- 1042
- Harold becomes Earl of Wessex.
- 1053
- Edward dies, Harold II becomes king. The Norman invasion. Battle of Hastings: Harold killed, William the Conqueror becomes king.
- 1066
- Harrying of the north
- 1069-70
- Domesday Book survey carried out
- 1086
- First civil war in England
- 1138-53
- Henry of Anjou (later Henry II) marries Eleanor of Aquitaine
- 1152
- Thomas Becket becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1162
- Murder of Becket
- 1170
- Richard I on crusade and held captive in Germany
- 1189-94
- Magna Carta; civil war in England
- 1215
- Accession of Henry III
- 1216
- Henry III captured at the battle of Lewes
- 1264
- de Montford killed at battle of Evesham
- 1265
- Accession of Edward I
- 1272
- Edward's conquest of Wales
- 1282-84
- Edward invaded Scotland
- 1296
- Rebellion by William Wallace in Scotland
- 1297
- Accession of Edward II
- 1307
- Scotish victory at Bannockburn
- 1314
- Death of Stephen, accession of Henry II
- 1154
- The Hundred years War begins
- 1337
- English victory at Crecy
- 1346
- English captures Calais
- 1347
- The Black Death reaches England
- 1348
- English victory at Poitiers
- 1356
- The Peasants' Revolt
- 1381
- Richard II's 'tyranny'
- 1397-99
- Henry IV deposes Richard II
- 1399
- Chaucer dies
- 1400
- Accession of Henry V
- 1413
- English victory at Agincourt
- 1415
- English counquests of Normandy
- 1419-20
- Accession of Henry VI
- 1422
- Henry VI marries Margaret of Anjou
- 1445
- The War of the Roses
- 1455-85
- William Caxton's first printed book in England
- 1477
- The death of Edward V
- 1483
- The battle of Bosworth; Richard III dies; accession of henry VII and establishment of Tudor dynasty
- 1485
- Accession of Henry VIII
- 1509
- English victory over the Scots at Flodden
- 1513
- Thomas Wolscy appointed Lord Chancellor
- 1515
- Catherine of Aragon divorce crisis begins
- 1527
- Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn
- 1533
- Act of Supremacy
- 1534
- Dissolution of the Monasteries; The Pilgrimage of Grace
- 1536
- Union of England and Wales
- 1536/1543
- Accession of Edward VI
- 1547
- First Book of Common Prayer
- 1549
- Accession of Mary Tudor
- 1553
- Persecution of Protestants
- 1555-8
- Accession of Elizabeth I
- 1558
- Execution of Mary Queen of Scots
- 1587
- Spanish Armada
- 1588
- Accession of James I; English and Scotish crowns united
- 1601
- Gunpowder Plot
- 1605
- The Authorised Version of the Bible published
- 1611
- Ascendancy of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham
- 1617-28
- Pilgrim fathers sail to America
- 1620
- Accession of Charles I
- 1625
- Parliament publishes "Petition of Right"
- 1628
- Charles I governs without Parliament
- 1629-40
- Long Parliament summoned
- 1640
- Civil War
- 1642-49
- Execution of Charles I
- 1649
- The common wealth
- 1649-53
- Cromwell in Ireland
- 1649-50
- The Protectorate
- 1653-60
- Oliver Cromwell dies; succeeded by his son Richard
- 1658
- Restoration of Charles II
- 1660
- Church of England restored
- 1662
- Great Plague
- 1665
- Great Fire of London
- 1666
- Titus Oates and Popish Plot
- 1678
- The Exclusion Crisis; Whig and Tory parties emerge
- 1679-81
- Accession of James II
- 1685
- The Glorious Revolution
- 1688
- Battle of the Boyne; William II defeats James II in Ireland
- 1690
- Death of Mary; Bank of England founded
- 1694
- Accession of Anne
- 1702
- Battle of Blenheim
- 1704
- Union of England and Scotland
- 1707
- Accession of George I
- 1714
- Jacobite rebellion by 'the Old Pretender' fails
- 1715
- The South Sea bubble
- 1720
- John Wesley's 'conversion'; start of Methodism
- 1738
- Fall of Walpole as prime minister
- 1742
- Jacobite Rebellion by 'Bonnie Prince Chariie' fails
- 1745-46
- Battle of Culloden, last battle on British soil
- 1746
- Capture of Quebec
- 1759
- Boston tea party
- 1773
- American War of Independence
- 1775-81
- Australian penal settlements established
- 1788
- French Revolution
- 1789
- Union with Ireland
- 1801
- War against Napoleon
- 1803-15
- Battle of Trafalgar
- 1805
- Battle of Waterloo
- 1815
- Peterloo massacre
- 1819
-
Stockton to Darlington railway, the first reguiar railway
service - 1825
- Great Reform Bill
- 1832
- Accession of Queen Victoria
- 1837
- Chartist riots
- 1839
- Irish potato famine starts
- 1844
-
Repeal of the Corn Laws opens the way for establisment of
free trade - 1846
- Great Exhibition
- 1851
- Crimean War
- 1854-56
- Indian Mutiny
- 1858
- Death of Albert, the Prince Consort
- 1861
- Dominion of Canada established
- 1867
- Disraeli buys Suez Canal shares (canal opened in 1869)
- 1875
- Victoria proclaimed Empress of India
- 1876
- British forces invade and occupy Egypt
- 1882
- Death of General Gordon at Khartoum
- 1885
- Issue of Home Rule for Ireland splits the Liberal party
- 1886
-
Boer War; Britain has new acquired a huge Africanempire,
running from the Cape to Egypt and from West Africa to Kenya - 1899-1902
- Death of Victoria, accession of Edward VII
- 1901
- Reforming Liberal government in power; Liberal landslide in 1906 election
- 1905-15
- Labour party formed
- 1906
- George V becomes king and emperor
- 1910
- Britain enters World War I
- 1914
- Battle of the Somme
- 1916
- Battle of Passchendaele
- 1917
- End of World War I (11 November)
- 1918
- Gandhi begins all-India civic disobedience campaign
- 1919
- Establishment of the Free Irish State
- 1922
- First Labour government
- 1924
-
General Strike; dominion status defined, confirming the
existence of a self-governing 'Commonwealth' and a
dependent 'Empire' - 1926
- Financial crisis
- 1931
- Abdication of Edward VIII; accession of George VI
- 1936
- Britain enters World War II
- 1939
- Churchill becomes prime minister; British withdrawal from Dunkirk; Battle of Britain, defeat of German invasion plan
- 1940
- End of war; landslide Labour victory heralds foundation of the welfare state; Attlee becomes prime minister
- 1945
- Normandy Landings: D-Day
- 1944
- Successful allied North Africa campaign
- 1943