Astro Test 2
Terms
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- Coma
- The recently evaporated material of a comet
- perihelion
- closest point to the Sun.
- Mercury Stats
- Density - 5gmkm³, Moons - no, Atmosphere - no, magnetic field - no, probe - mariner, spin ~ 60 days, orbit ~ 90 days, special feature - caloris basin, scarp - a canyon-like feature.
- discuss the Deuterium/Hydrogen ratio of Venus
- the amount of deuterium on venus is close to that of earth which suggests venus once had water.
- eddington experiment
- when light passes near the sun the time shift causes a curve that is greater near the sun.
- Compare Meteors, Asteroids, and Comets
- Meteors are broken up Asteroids. Asteroids are comets without gases. Comets are 'young' asteroids that have not lost their gases.
- discuss radar mapping and resolution
- for radar mapping you need a good clock and antenna. at low resolution you get a quick look but little detail. at high resolution it takes " many" looks to see the entire planet.
- primary atmosphere
- original atmosphere, H1He
- Discuss the three body problem
- It is impossible to predict the orbits of more than two bodies. Thus we can not predict the future position of any planet with absolute accuracy.
- major producers of greenhouse gases
- 1) termites 2) herbivors 3) human fossil fuel use
- negative feedback look
- when the result of an action makes the action less likely.
- postive feedback loop
- when the result of an action makes the action more likely.
- Discuss ' Dust Storms' on Mars. How does this relate to Earth?
- 1) Axial Tilt = Atmosphere Shift 2) Thin Atmosphere = Dust stays up. 3) Dust blocks sunlight which causes global cooling -- This suggests Nuclear winter.
- discuss the landing system used for the 2000-2006 mars landers
- 1st High-Speed Parachute, 2nd Rocket until ~ 100ft, 3rd Balloon shock asorbers.
- Phobos
- Moon around Mars
- why does Mercury have a 3:2 resonance
- The scarps show the exterior and interior of mercury cooled at different times. thus mercury ended up looking like a pendulum.
- Discuss Far Asteroids
- Far asteroids sometimes emit gases. This coupled with comet data strongly suggest that comets/asteroids are basically the same.
- general law of relativity
- there is no experiment that can tell the difference between acceleration and gravity. meaning -- there is a connection between mass and time.
- geodesic
- the shortest path in 4-space
- The Advance of the Perihelion of Mercury
- since time 'ticks' slower near the Sun, Mercury appears to accelerate which moves the Perihelion point.
- Why should Phobos and Deimos not be considered moons?
- 1) Too small to condense initially. 2) Crater density is off. 3) Phobos will impact Mars in ~ 250 million years.
- Nucleus (of a Comet)
- The Rock/Ice core of a comet.
- discuss the pancake features on Venus
- large domes on Venus resemble 'pancakes' this argues that venus has a rigid surface (unlike earth).
- special law of relativity
- all observers measure the same speed for the speed of light. meaning -- time must 'tick' slower near a large mass.
- secondary atmosphere
- the heavy gases ejected by volcanoes.
- Discuss the Data that suggests Mars once held water.
- 1) Flow Plains 2) Water Vapor is Seasonally Moved 3) We have found sub-surface ice.
- discuss what suggests Venus has a hot core
- there are few craters and we observe electrical discharges simular to those found at Earth's volcanoes.
- Kirkwood Gaps
- Caused by "Gravitational Resonance" between an asteroid orbit and Jupiter's period.
- equation of 4-space
- x²+y²+z²-c²t² (sum of planes minus time)
- Deimos
- Moon around Mars
- Ion tail
- The Charged material from a comet
- list the experiments that support the theory of relativity
- 1) Advance of the Periheleon of Mercury. Time slows as mass gets larger. 2) 'Fast' electron small small / E=MC² 3) Eddington experiment: No space / space is curved.