Chapter 10 Vocabulary
Terms
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- county unit system
- a procedure for political primaries that gave the more populous counties more unit votes; established by the Neill Primary Act
- gerrymander
- to draw up an election district in such a way that it benefits a certain group
- lynching
- an illegal hanging, usually by a mob
- Nineteenth Amendment
- An amendment to the U.S. constitution that gave women the right to vote
- poll
- a voting place
- scrip
- paper money that is not legal currency
- martial law
- the use of military forces to main order because civilian forces will not or cannot maintain order
- Eighteenth Amendment
- an amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportations of alcoholic beverages
- progressive movement
- a series of movements in the late 1800's and early 1900's whose members believed that government was best able to correct the ills of society
- armistice
- an agreement to stop fighting
- prohibition
- the banning of alcohol
- labor union
- an organization of workers formed to improve their wages, benefits, and working conditions
- sweatshop
- factories with especially harsh working conditions
- poll tax
- a tax paid to be able to vote
- plurality
- the margin of victory for the winner over his or her nearest rival
- civil rights
- the rights that a person has simply because he or she is a citizen
- propaganada
- information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause
- injunction
- a court order stating that something must or must not be done
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
- "NAACP" an organization formed in 1909 by white liberals and members of the Niagara Movement to work for the rights of African Americans
- World War I
- a war that began in Europe in 1914 between the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary) and the Allied Powers (France, Great Britain, Russia, and eventually the United States);the war ended in 1918
- neutral
- to not take sides in a disagreement
- National Urban League
- an interracial organization formed in 1910 to help solve social problems facing African Americans who lived in the cities
- Atlanta Compromise speech
- a speech given by Booker T. Washington in 1895 at the Cotton States and international Exposition that proposed that blacks and whites should agree to benefit from each other
- Smith-Lever Act
- legislation sponsored by GA Senator Hoke Smith that created the Agricultural Extension Service
- Populist party
- a political party formed in the late 1800s by labor organizations and the Farmers' Alliance
- Smith-Hughes Act
- legislation sponsored by GA Senator Hoke Smith that helped establish vocational programs in public schools across the nation and that helped states plan and carry out vocational training
- Rural Free Delivery bill
- legislation intrduced by Georgia Representative Tom Watson that required the U.S. Postmaster general to find a way to deliver mail to rural homes free of charge
- chain gang
- a group of prisoners in a county work camp; replaced the convict lease system
- muckraker
- name given to journalists and writers of the Progressive Era who wrote about dishonesty in business, corruption in government and politics, and the horrors of being poor
- Australian ballot
- a reform supported by the Populist party in which a ballot is printed by the government, distributed at voting places, and collected in sealed boxes so that the votes would be kept secret
- Agricultural Extension Service
- A government agency that gave matching federal funds to states that spent money to teach young people better farming methods
- strike
- a work stoppage in protest over some grievance
- Jim Crow Laws
- laws passed in the South to establish "separate-but-equal" facilities for whites and for blacks
- suffragette
- a woman who fought for women's right to vote in the early 1900's
- grandfather clause
- a clause inserted in the GA constitution in 1908 that stated only those men whose fathers or grandfathers had been eligible to vote in 1867 were eligible to vote; the clause disfranchised most of GA's African Americans