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History Exam Vocab-Chapter 1

Terms

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Geography
the study of where people, places and things are located
Location
its position on the earths surface
latitude
distance north or south of the equator
longitude
distance east or west of the prime meridian
export
goods sent to markets outside of a country
import
goods brought into a country
interdependence
the dependence of countries on goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world
map projection
ways of showing the curved earth on a flat surface
topography
the physical features of a place or region
vegetation
the plant life of a place or region
mountain
high, steep, rugged land that rises above the surrounding land
elevation
the height above sea level
hill
areas of raised land, but they are lower and less steep than mountains
plain
large areas of fairly level or gently rolling land
plateau
large areas of high, flat, or gently rolling land
climate
the average weather a place has over a period of 20 to 30 years
culture
all the things that make up a persons entire life
nuclear family
a family that includes a husband, wife, and their children
extended family
several generations living in one household
monotheism
the worship of one god
polytheism
the worship of many gods
republic
the people chose leaders who represent them
dictatorship
a ruler or group holds power by force
technology
the skills and tools people use
diffusion
the movement of customs or ideas from one place to another
subculture
a group of people whithin a society who share certain beliefs, values, and customs
Ethnocentrism
the judgment of other cultures by the standards of their own culture
Racism
the belief that one racial group is superior to another
democracy
the people have supreme power

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