Revolutions in Europe
Terms
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- Nation State
- independent place with their own independent government
- radicals
- favored drastic change to extend democracy to the people as a whole. They beleived that government should practice ideas of French Revolution.
- Jose Maria Morelos
- led revolution for four year. in (1815) he was defeated by creole officer, Agustin de Intrubide
- Romanticism
- it showed deep interest both in Nature and in thoughts and feels of the individual
- Charles 10th
- tried to stage return to *absolute Monarchy, suspended legislature, limited voting and the rights of people, Fleed france and went to Great Brittain
- Victor Hugo
- Led the French Romantics, from france- leading writer, wrote the Hunchback of Notre Dame
- Realism
- In literature and the visual arts
- Garibaldi
- Captured Sicily in South, persuaded italians to fight for Scicily's pwoer
- Mulattos
- Persons of mixed European and African ancestory and Africans
- Franco-Prussian War
- the final stage in German unification against France
- Russia's Fudeal System
- serfs were bound to noble whose land they worked. (1820) Russians believed that serfdom must end, they thought that it was morally wrong.
- conservatives
- wealthy property owners, nobility, argued for protecting the traditional monarchies of Europe
- Simon Bolivar
- A wealthy Venezuelen Creole, called Liberator, leader (general) of the South American Wars of independence
- Free Serfs
- Freed by Alexander II, through his reforms Alexander and his adverseries beleived that Russia would compete with western Europe for world power.
- Alexander II
- decided to move Russia toward modernization and social change (Edict of Empancipation) (1861 in russia)
- Austro Purssian War
- 1866 Prussia defeated Austria in the Austra Purssian War
- Jose de San Martin
- courage in battle, in battle, Born in Argentina, believed in a strict military
- Otto Von BIsmarck
- prime minister, became one of the commanding figures of German history.
- Kaiser
- emperor
- Creoles
- In spanish colonial soceity, colonists who were born in Latin America to Spanish parents
- Miquel Hidalgo
- (1810) priest, took the first steps towards independence.
- 1899
- Most of Euope was under control of conservatives
- Greece
- Greek revolt against ottoman turks (1821) Britan, France, and Russia take side of Greeks and by (1830) Greece gained independence
- Louis Nepoleon
- *new republic government was established, France accepted him as a new, strong ruler. Unemployment decreased, ambitious program of public works, industrilization, rail roads, constitutional government. France prospered.
- Austro Hungarian Emprie
- Hungarians, Germans, Czechs, Solvaks, Croats, Serbs, Slars, Italians...lived under this empire
- Italy
- 1858-1870 Unification of Italy, Broken up into Italian States
- 1830
- Greece gained independence
- 1870
- Prussian army invades Norther France. Prussia defeats France, making Prussia dominant force in Europe.
- Louis Filipe
- *liberal monarchy, ruled for 18 years, supported liberal reforms in France and became unpopular. His rule was overturned by war.
- Bizmark
- helped Germany expand, went to war against Denmark, won war, turned against Austria, gained control of North German Confederation
- nationalism
- is the beliefe that one's greatest loyalty should be not to the king or to an empire, but to the nation of people who share a common culture and history.
- Peninsulares
- in spanish colonial society, colonists who were born in Spain
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
- May 1860, he and his followers were known as the "red shirts" captured Sicily
- Balkans
- ruled by Ottoman Turks, Muslims. The region includes all or part of present-day Greece, Albania, Bugana, Romania, Turkey and former Yugoslavia.
- liberals
- mostly middle class business owners, leaders, and merchants. they wanted to give more power to the elected parliaments.
- Lord Byron
- British poet, by trade, and an English writer, he aided greece (helped w/ Greek independence) During 1820's