Biology Chapter 1 FIB
Terms
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- unicellular
- Some organisms are composed of only one cell. These organisms are called ___ organisms.
- multicellular
- Most of the living things that you see around you are ___ organisms. That is, they are composed of more than one cell.
- differentiation
- The cells of multicellular organisms undergo ___. That is, they become different from each other as they multiply and follow the various roles supplied for them by their genetic instructions.
- sexual
- In ___ reproduction, hereditary information form two parts of a single organism or from two organisms of the same species is combined.
- asexual
- ___ reproduction is the production of offspring that does not involve the union of gametes.
- natural selection
- According to the theory of evolution by ___, organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to successfully reproduce than organisms that lack these traits.
- photosynthesis
- Through the process of ___, plants and some types of unicellular organisms capture the energy from the sun and change it into a form of energy that can be used by living things.
- cells
- All living things are composed of ___.
- metabolism
- All living things use energy in a process called ___, which is the sum of all of the chemical processes that occur in the organism.
- observation
- ___ typically employs one or more of the five senses to perceive objects or events.
- sampling
- Scientific ___ is the technique of using a small part to represent an entire population.
- control group
- A ___ is a group of individual that serves as a standard of comparison with another group individual to which it is identical excpet for one factor.
- independent variable
- The ___ is an experimentally manipulated variable.
- dependent variable
- The ___ is the responding variable is an experiment.
- analyzing data
- ___ is the process of determining whether data are reliable and whether they support or do not support a hypothesis or prediction.
- model
- A ___ is essentially an explanation supported by data. It can be visual, verbal, or mathematical.
- inference
- A ___ is a conclusion made on the basis of facts or premises rather tahn on direct observations.
- theory
- A ___ is a broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true.
- light microscope
- Biologists typically use the compound ___ to see small organisms and cells.
- electron microscopes
- To examine specimens even smaller than cells, such as cell parts or viruses, scientists may chose from several types of ___.
- transmission electron microscope
- The ___ transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen.
- scanning electron microscope
- The ___ provides striking three-dimensional images.
- stage
- To be viewed with a compound light microscope, a specimen is mounted on a glass slide. The slide holding the specimen is placed over the opening in the ___ of the microscope.
- objective lens
- When using a compound light microscope, light passes through the specimen and through the ___, which is positioned directly above the specimen.
- ocular lens
- When using a compound light microscope, the objective lens enlarges the image of the specimen. This magnified image is projected up through the body tube to the ___ in the eyepiece, where it is magnified further.
- nosepiece
- Most light microscopes have a set of objective lenses with different powers of magnification. These lenses can be rotated into place by revolving the ___.