Dissection
Terms
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- Do frogs have teeth?
- Yes; two small "vomerine teeth" to trap struggling insects before swallowing
- Describe a frog's legs.
- Strong hind legs for jumping and swimming.
- What are animal-like protists called? What are they like?
- Protozoa; consumers, no chlorophyll; move by cilia, flagella, false feet, and some don't move at all
- What are plant-like protists called? What are they like?
- Algae; chlorophyll, six main groups
- What are the types of protists?
- Foraminiferuns, Radiolarians, Volvox, stentors
- What is a frog young like?
- Tadpoles; live in water, feed on plants, breather with gills, have tails and no legs
- What is the purpose of dissection?
-
1. Investigates structure of organisms 2. Relates structure to function
3. Reveals adaptations and evolution - anterior
- front
- posterior
- rear
- ventral
- belly
- dorsal
- back
- What does "dissect" mean?
- to cut or take apart
- What is scientific dissection?
- Orderly investigation of structure and function
- longitudinal incision
- up and down cut
- transverse incision
- across cut; side to side cut
- What are scissors and how are they used in dissection?
- Small, sharply pointed; used for incisions
- What is a scalpel and how is it used in dissection?
- blade; used for incisions and trimming
- What are forceps and how are they used in dissection?
- Tweezers; used for grasping and lifting
- What is a probe and how is it used it used in dissection?
- A stick-like object; used for poking, lifting, exploring
- What is an earthworm's function?
- Tunnels into and breaks down soil, aerating and enriching it
- What is the phylum of earthworms?
- annelids
- How does an earthworm move?
- Contracts and relaxes muscles in each segment
- What is the function of setae?
- Anchor each segment to ground
- How many setae are on each segment of an earthworm's body?
- 4
- What does an earthworm eat?
- Decaying leaves and soil
- Are frogs invertebrates or vertebrates?
- Vertebrates
- What class do frogs belong to?
- Amphibians; one of two orders (salamanders is the other order)
- What kind of blood do frogs have? Cold or warm?
- Cold
- What kind of skin do frogs have?
- Smooth, moist; no scales
- What kind of skin do toads have?
- Dry bumpy skin
- Where do frogs live?
- On or near water
- Where do toads live?
- Dry land
- How do frogs reproduce?
- External fertilization of eggs from female
- How long does it take for a tadpole to become an adult?
- A few weeks to a few years
- What are adult frogs like?
- Lungs, legs, no tail
- Where do frogs hibernate?
- Usually underwater in soft mud; sometimes on land under stones or logs
- What is the significance of a frog's skin?
- Plantlike is viewed from above; pale to look like sky from below
- Why do a frog's eyes protrude?
- Sight when partially submerged
- What kind of respiration does a frog have?
- Has lungs, but also has blood vessels in skin so as to absorb oxygen from the water when submerged; can stay under for longer periods of time
- What is a frog's tongue like?
- Attached at front; flips forward, stretches, flips backward to esophagus
- What is important about a frog's backbone?
- Fused vertebrae in lower backbone to preent injuries from shock of landing
- What is a frog's heart like?
- 3 chambers
- What does a frog's liver protect?
- Heart and lungs
- What is a frog's digestive system?
- Gullet and esophagus lead to stomach and intestines; pancreas and gallbladder; kidneys remove nitrogen wates and make urine; urine and solid waster removed by cloaca (sewer) in pelvis; much like human's digestive system
- How does a frog prepare for hibernation?
- "Fat bodies" develop
- How do frogs reproduce (in detail)?
- Females produce jelly-like eggs from ovaries; males have testes to produce sperm; both are released into water through cloaca
- Where do protists live?
- Moist surroundings; rotting logs, soil, bodies of other organisms, oceans, ponds, swamps
- In what ways do protists move?
- Cilia, flagella, false feet