Venous Access & Medication Admin
Terms
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- Appropriate medthod for preparing a site for venipuncture or injection?
- Use of an antiseptic.
- Advantage of IV drug administration is?
- Medication can be easily discontinued, greater control of mdication delivery, & drug levels can be maintained after an initial bolus.
- Advantage of a nebulizer or metered dose inhaler?
- Less medication is needed, easily discontinue, & supplemental oxygen administered simultaneously can assist a hypoxic patient
- Blood from an artery is usually dark red. T or F
- False
- Arteries have valves to prevent backflow and to ensure the flow of blood toward the heart. T or F
- False
- Blood is administered with which IV solution?
- Normal Saline
- Skin should be cleansed prior to obtaining blood directly from the vein with an?
- Antiseptic
- What is the correct sequence for the colored tubes used when drawing blood?
- Red, blue, green, purple, & gray
- You should obtain veous blood when starting an IV on all of patients except?
- A patient in Cardiac Arrest
- Simplest form of body substance isolation is?
- Washing hands
- The most appropriately sized cather for cardiac arrest situation is ___ gauge?
- 14 & 18
- The larger the gauge number, the larger the diameter of the shaft? T or F
- False
- Which gauge catheter is most appropriate for a neonate?
- 24 & 28
- The longer the catherter, the slower the flow rate? T or F
- True
- Which type of catheter is preferred for peripheral venous access?
- Over-the-needle catheter
- What is a risk posed by catheter shear?
- Creation of an embolus
- The type of catheter most commonly used in the prehospital setting is the?
- Over-the-needle
- The veins utilized in central venous access include?
- Femoral veins, subclavian veins, & internal jugular veins
- Changing IV bag during infusion is a?
- Medically clean process
- Colloids do not readily pass through capillary membranes. T or F
- True
- Colloids remain in the intravascular space for extended periods of time. T or F
- True
- When establishing a peripheral IV, what is the maximum amount of time a constricting band should be left on?
- 2 minutes
- Crystalloid solutions move quickly across cell membranes. T or F
- True
- D5W is the preferred solution in a cardiac arrest situation. T or F
- False
- The destruction of red blood cells during blood draws is?
- Hemolysis
- What type of patient will benefit from external jugular cannulation?
- An unconscious stabbing victim
- For cannulation of the external jugular vein, place the patient in the?
- Supine and/ or Trendelenburg position
- When administering medication through an endotracheal tube, the amount of medication mixed with normal saline should create a soulution equal to?
- 10 mL
- Extravasation of an IV site is indicated by?
- Edema at the IV site
- A 14 gauge catheter provides much greater fluid flow than does a 22 gauge catheter. T or F
- True
- The most desirable fluid for replacement is?
- Blood
- Indications for intravenous access is?
- Fluid and blood replacement, drug administration, & obtaining venous blood specimens
- An intradermal injection should be given at a?
- 10-15 degree angle
- The preferred site for an intradermal injection is the?
- Forearm
- An intramuscular injection is given at a?
- 90 degree angle
- Acceptable sites for intramuscular injection?
- trapezius
- What should you do if you suspect that a clot is obstructing an IV?
- Aspirate the blood clot in to a syringe
- Indication of proper placement of an IV catheter?
- Backflow of blood in IV tubing when the IV bag is lowered below the IV site, Aspirating blood from the catheter, & No swelling at the insertion site.
- The preferred site for IV cannulation in cardiac arrest is the?
- Antecubital fossa
- Veins of the lower leg should be used as a last resort in adults. T or F
- True
- Cleansing of the skin for intravenous access requires use of?
- Medically clean techniques
- When choosing a site for routine intravenous access, it is best to start?
- In the hand and work towards the antecubital fossa
- One kilogram equals?
- 2.2 pounds
- Lactated Ringer's is an ___ solution?
- Isotonic
- Lactated Ringers is a colloid solution. T or F
- False
- Medically clean techniques involve?
- The careful handling of sterile equipment to prevent contamination
- A medication's concentration refers to its?
- Weight per volume
- With a microdrip administration set, ___ drops equals 1 mL of IV solution?
- 60
- Microdrip tubing has how many drops per milliter?
- 60
- A milliliter equals?
- 1/1000 of a liter
- Under the tongue, between the cheek and gums, the eyes, the nose, and the ear and ear canal are sites where medications can be absorbed into the body through the?
- Mucous membranes
- In order for a nebulizer to be effective, the patient must be able to?
- Maintain adequate tidal volume
- Parts of a nebulizer?
- Mouthpiece, relief valve, & oxygen port
- A needle's gauge describes its?
- Diameter
- When filling a blood tube using a syringe, at least a ___ gauge needle should be used?
- 18
- 0.9% sodium chloride solution closely resembles blood plasma?
- True
- It is normal to feel a slight pop or give as the needle passes through the wall of the vein during IV cannulation. T or F
- True
- A pyrogenic reaction usually occurs within __ minutes of the initiation of IV therapy?
- 30-60
- When using an intermittent infusion device, you should inject ___ mL of dilute heparin or saline solution into the lock to prevent occlusion?
- 1-3
- TKO rate is equal to approximately ___ to ___ drops/min?
- 8;15
- The outer layer of a vein is called the?
- Tunica externa
- Veins have valves to prevent backflow and to ensure the flow of blood toward the heart. T or F
- True
- Smaller veins such as those on the hands should be avoided for venous blood collection because they are more likely to?
- collapse during retrieval
- When replacing fluid loss from hypovolemia, 3 L of IV crystalloid should be infused for every?
- 1 L of blood lost