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rapid review first aid

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actinic keratosis
often precedes squamous cell carcinoma
Addison's disease
primary adrenocortical deficiency
Albright's syndrome
"polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
albuminocytologic dissociation
Guillain-Barre (+ protein in CSF with only modest + in cell count)
Alport's syndrome
hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
anti-basement membrane
Goodpasture's syndrome
anticentromere antibodies
scleroderma (CREST)
anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)
SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
anti-epithelial cell
pemphigus vulgaris
antigliadin antibodies
celiac disease
antihistone antibodies
drug-induced SLE
anti IgG antibodies
rheumatoid arthritis
antimitochondrial antibodies
primary biliary cirrhosis
antineutrophil antibodies
vasculitis
antiplatelet antibodies
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
arachnodactyly
Marfan's syndrome
Argyll Robertson pupil
neurosyphilis
Arnold-Chiari malformation
cerebellar tonsilar herniation
Aschoff bodies
rheumatic fever
atrophy of the mamillary bodies
Wernicke's encephalopathy
Auer rods
acute myelogenous leukemia (esp. the promyelocytic type)
autosplenectomy
sickle cell anemia
Babinski's sign
UMN lesion
Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
rheumatoid arthritis
"""bamboo spine"" on x-ray"
ankylosing spondylitis
Bartter's syndrome
hyperreninemia
basophilic stippling of RBCs
lead poisoning
Becker's muscular dystrophy
defective dystrophin; less severe than Duchenne's
Bell's palsy
LMN CN VII palsy
Bence Jones proteins
"multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine)
Berger's disease
IgA nephropathy
Bernard-Soulier disease
defect in platelet adhesion
"bilateral hilar adenopathy
uveitis"
Birbeck granules on EM
histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
bloody tap on LP
subarachnoid hemorrhage
"""blue bloater"""
chronic bronchitis
blue-domed cysts
fibrocystic change of breast
blue sclera
osteogenesis imperfecta
boot-shaped heart on x-ray
Tetrology of Fallot; RVH
Bouchard's nodes
osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
Boutonniere's deformity
rheumatoid arthritis
branching rods in oral infection
actinomyces israelii
"""brown tumor"" of bone"
hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts: 1. hyperparathyroidism 2. osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease)
Brushfield's spots
Down's syndrome
Bruton's disease
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Budd-Chiari syndrome
posthepatic venous thrombosis
Buerger's disease
small/medium artery vasculitis
Burkitt's lymphoma
8:14 translocation; associated with EBV
Burton's lines
lead poisoning
"C-ANCA
P-ANCA"
cafe au lait spots on skin
neurofibromatosis
Caisson disease
gas emboli
calf pseudohypertrophy
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
Call-Exner bodies
granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Chagas' disease
cerebriform nuclei
mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
Chagas' disease
trypanosome infection
chancre
primary syphilis (painless)
chancroid
haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
Charcot's triad
multiple sclerosis: - nystagmus - intention tremor - scanning speech cholangitis: - jaundice - RUQ pain - fever
Charcot-Leyden crystals
bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
Chediak-Higashi disease
phagocyte deficiency
cherry-red spot on the macula
"Tay Sachs
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
central apnea in CHF and + intracranial pressure
"""chocolate cysts"""
endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
chronic atrophic gastritis
predisposition to gastric carcinoma
Chvostek's sign
hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES exposure in utero
clue cells
gardnerella vaginitis
Codman's triangle on x-ray
osteosarcoma
cold agglutinins
"mycoplasma pneumoniae
cold intolerance
hypothyroidism
condylomata lata
secondary syphilis
continuous machinery murmur
patent ductus arteriosus
Cori's disease
debranching enzyme deficiency
Cotton-wool spots
chronic hypertension
"cough
conjuctiitis
councilman bodies
toxic or viral hepatitis
Cowdry type A bodies
herpesvirus
crescents in Bowman's capsule
rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
Crigler-Najjar syndrome
congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Curling's ulcer
acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
currant-jelly sputum
klebsiella
Curschmann's spirals
bronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)
Cushing's ulcer
acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
D dimers
DIC
depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
"Parkinson's disease (basal ganglia disorder - rigidity
"dermatitis
dementia
diabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull
Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
bug from dog or cat bite
pasteurella multocida
Donovan bodies
granuloma inguinale
Dressler's syndrome
post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
deleted dystrophin gene (X-linked recessive)
eburnation
"osteoarthritis (polished
Edward's syndrome
"trisomy 18 associated with rocker-bottom feet
Eisenmenger's complex
"late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected
elastic skin
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Erb-Duchenne palsy
"superior trunk brachial plexus injury (""waiter's tip"")"
erythema chronicum migrans
Lyme disease
Fanconi's syndrome
proximal tubular reabsorption defect
"""fat
female
fatty liver
alcoholism
ferruginous bodies
asbestosis
Gardner's syndrome
colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
Gaucher's disease
glucocerebrosidase deficiency
Ghon focus
primary TB
Gilbert's syndrome
benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
defect in platelet aggregation
Goodpasture's syndrome
autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
Gowers' maneuver
Duchenne's (use of patient's arms to help legs pick self off floor)
Guillan-Barre syndrome
idiopathic polyneuritis
"""hair-on-end"" appearance on x-ray"
beta-thalassemia sickle cell anemia (extramedullary hematopoeisis)
Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
chronic progressive histiocytosis
HbS
sickle cell anemia
hCG elevated
"choriocarcinoma
Heberden's nodes
osteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
Heinz bodies
G6PD deficiency
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs
heterophil antibodies
infectious mononucleosus (EBV)
HbF
thalassemia major
high-output cardiac failure (dilated cardiomyopathy)
"wet beriberi (thiamine
HLA B27
"Reiter's syndrome
HLA DR3 or -DR4
diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells)
Homer Wright rosettes
neuroblastoma
honeycomb lung on x-ray
interstitial fibrosis
Horner's syndrome
"ptosis
Howell-Jolly bodies
splenectomy (or nonfunctional speen)
Huntington's disease
caudate degeneration (autosomal dominant)
hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocility
Kluver-Bucy syndrome (amygdala)
hyperpigmentation of the skin
primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
hypersegmented neutrophils
macrocytic anemia
hypertension + hypokalemia
Conn's syndrome
hypochromic microcytosis
"iron deficiency anemia
increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid / maternal serum
"anencephaly
increase uric acid levels
"Gout
intussusception
adenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer's patches)
Janeway lesions
endocarditis
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
syphilis - overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms due to rapid lysis
Job's syndrome
neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality
Karposi's sarcoma
AIDS in MSM (men who have sex with men)
Kartagener's syndrome
dynein defect
Kayser-Fleischer rings
Wilson's disease
Keratin pearls
squamous cell carcinoma
Kimmelstein Wilson nodules
diabetic nephropathy
Kluver Bucy syndrome
bilateral amygdala lesions
Koilocytes
HPV
Koplik spots
measles
Krukenberg tumor
gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian metastases
Kussmaul hyperpnea
diabetic ketoacidosis
lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibility
Marfan's syndrome (fibrillin defect)
Lesch Nyhan syndrome
HGPRT deficiency
Lewy bodies
Parkinson's disease
Libman Sacks disease
endocarditis associated with SLE
Lines of Zahn
arterial thrombus
Lisch nodules
neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease)
low serum ceruloplasmin
Wilson's disease
Lucid interval
epidural hematoma
"""lumpy bumpy"" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence"
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
lytic bone lesions on x-ray
multiple myeloma
Mallory bodies
alcoholic liver disease
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
esophagogastic lacerations
McArdle's disease
muscle phosphorylase deficiency
McBurney's sign
appendicitis
MLF syndrome (INO)
multiple sclerosis
monoclonal antibody spike
"multiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA)
myxedema
hypothyroidism
necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Wegener's and Goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
"needle-shaped
negatively birefringent crystals"
Negri bodies
rabies
nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss
Alport's syndrome
neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer's disease
Niemann Pick disease
sphingomyelinase deficiency
no lactation postpartum
Sheehan's syndrome pituitary infarction)
nutmeg liver
CHF
occupational exposure to asbestos
malignant mesothelioma
"""Orphan Annie"" nuclei"
papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
Osler's nodes
endocarditis
owl's eye
CMV
painless jaundice
pancreatic cancer (head)
palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
Henoch Schonlein purpura
Pancoast's tumor
bronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner's syndrome
Pannus
rheumatoid arthritis
Parkinson's disease
nigrostriatal dopamine depletion
periosteal elevation on x-ray
pyogenic osteomyelitis
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
benign polyposis
Peyronie's disease
penile fibrosis
Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl)
CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)
Pick bodies
Pick's disease
Pick's disease
"progressive dementia
"""pink puffer"""
"emphysema (centroacinar [smoking]
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia
Podagra
gout (MP joint of hallux)
podocyte fusion
minimal change disease
"polyneuropathy
cardiac pathology and edema"
polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infection
Guillan Barre syndrome
Pompe's disease
lysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly
port-wine stain
hemangioma
"positive anterior ""drawer sign"""
anterior cruciate ligament injury
Pott's disease
vertebral tuberculosis
pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangement
glioblastoma multiforme
pseudorosettes
Ewing's sarcoma
"ptosis
miosis and anhidrosis"
rash on palms and soles
"secondary syphilis
Raynaud's syndrome
recurrent vasospasm in extremities
RBC casts in urine
acute glomerulonephritis
recurrent pulmonary Pseudomonas and S. aureus infections
cystic fibrosis
red urine in the morning
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Reed-Sternberg cells
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Reid index (increased)
chronic bronchitis
Reinke crystals
Leydig cell tumor
Reiter's syndrome
"urethritis
renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomas
von Hippel-Lindau disease
renal epithelial casts in urine
acute toxic/viral nephrosis
"rhomboid crystals
positively birefringent"
rib notching
coarctation of the aorta
Roth's spots in retina
endocarditis
Rotor's syndrome
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Rouleaux formations (RBCs)
multiple myeloma
Russell bodies
multiple myeloma
S3
"L to R shunt (VSD
S4
"aortic stenosis
Schiller-Duval bodies
yolk sac tumor
senile plaques
Alzheimer's disease
Sezary syndrome
cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Sheehan's syndrome
postpartum pituitary necrosis
Shwartzman reaction
Neisseria meningitidis
signet-ring cells
gastric carcinoma
Simian crease
Down's syndrome
Sipple's syndrome
MEN type IIa
Sjorgen's syndrome
"dry eyes
skip lesions
Crohn's
slapped cheek appearance
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
Smith antigen
SLE
"""smudge cell"""
CLL
soap bubble on the x-ray
giant cell tumor of bone
spike and dome on EM
membranous glomerulonephritis
Spitz nevus
benign juvenile melanoma
splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
endocarditis
starry-sky pattern
Burkitt's lymphoma
"""strawberry tongue"""
Scarlet fever
streaky ovaries
Turner's syndrome
string sign on x-ray
Crohn's disease
subepithelial humps on EM
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
suboccipital lymphadenopathy
Rubella
sulfur granules
Actinomyces israelii
"swollen gums
bruising
systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
aortic valve stenosis
t(8;14)
Burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation)

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