Important vocab from Chapter 4 for US History 1
Terms
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- Battle of Bunker Hill
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-Another hill called Breed Hill
-British win
-Colonists treat as moral win b/c it proved that their army could compete against the British - Battle of Trenton
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-Very important b/c G.W. and troops win by sneaking up on German hired soldiers on x-mas, while they were drunk, and did a suprise attack.
-Captured many men - Benedict Arnold
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-Colonists who committed treason
-Married loyalist and socialized with them even tho he was a "general" on US side
-Tried to help get British West Point - Blockade
- -When British blocked all the ports in US so nothing could get to colonists
- British leave Boston
- Patriots bombarded Boston causing British to leave
- Characteristics of war in the south
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-lots of naval battles
-more help for British from loyalists and blacks
-lots of battles in open field (not many cities like north-east) - Common Sense
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-very important and influential pamphlet written by Thomas Paine.
-Addressed the issue of separating from G.B - Declaration of Independence
- -important document stating U.S. separation from G.B.
- First Continental Congress
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-Formed a Non-importation association and ceased all trade w/ G.B.
-Decided Parliament couldn't tax colonists, only they could - Fort Ticonderoga
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-Colonists take over this fort
-good b/c had weapons (cannnons) which colonists needed - General Cornwallis
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-in charge of British naval battles in south
-G.W tricked in Princeton
-surrendered to US in Yorktown - General Howe
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British General
-surrendered to G.W and troops in Saratoga, NY - George Washington
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-very imp. US general
-led colonists to victory - Hessians
- -German hired soldiers for B.
- Intolerable Acts
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-helped start revolution
-B. closed Boston Harbour
-eliminated self gov't in Massachusettes
-1st C.C. congress formed after this - Lexington and Concord
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-1st armed and imp wars of Revolution
-G.B. went to towns to try and destory colonists supplies - Loyalists
- -Colonists who didn't agree with patriots...helped British
- Privateer
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-gov't hired pirate
-stole supplies from enemy ships - Profiteer
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-person who took advantage of war and made lots of money
-ex. are farmers, privateers and smugglers - Prohibitory Act
- Acts that prohibited colonists form doing certain things
- Treaty of Paris
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Peace treaty between France, Spain, G.B. and U.S.
1)G.B. acknowledge indp. of U.S.
2)Size
3)Colonies stretch w/ until Mississippi R.
4)Florida goes to spain
5)G.B. agrees to w/draw troops
6)C.C. agrees to recomend that loyalists get back land from colonists - Role of farmer, A.A and women during war
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Farmer
-made lots of money w. B and US
A.A.
-fought mostly for G.B. b.c promissed freedom
Women
-worked men job
-followed army
-pretended to be men and fought - Saratoga
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-big war in NY...Conrwallis surrenders
-Patriots win
-French openly acknowledges alliance with US - Thomas Jefferson
- -wrote Dec. of Ind.
- Thomas Paine
- wrote "common sense"
- Tories
- -another name for loyalists
- West Point
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-military base on Hudson R.
-key to continent b/c could controle everything - Yorktown
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-Final battle
-Cornwallis surrenders - A nation divided over war
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-Loyalists, Patriots
-2nd C.C. was divided too - Importance of Dec. of Indp.
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-formal document of separation from G.B.
-layed out US's idea of a gov't
-Big step, shows mautrity - Characterisitic of the war in the south (and stages)
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Stage I
-War in N.
-B. troops in S.I
-G.W retreats to Manhattan...B. follow Gw to NJ
-GW from Nj too Pa
-On X-mas crossed De. R...suprise attacked Germans
-Trenton...P-town..won!
Stage II
-South
-Lots of naval battles (Gen. Cornwallis incharge)
-More support for B. from loyalists, A.A
-Battles in open fields - Inc. role of gov't
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-2nd C.C took on role
-US needed a gov't b/c it needed order
-someone too control army, etc.
-someone too lead them to victory - Road to war-influences on the colonists-think C.S and attempted peace talks
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-Acts
-Common sense
-non-importation