8th Hist ch 23
Terms
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- April 6, 1917
- United States entered WW I
- Civilian efforts for the war
- more women joined the work force; volunteer groups were formed to support the "boys" in France; memberships in American Red Cross multiplied;
- Allied Powers
- Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and later the United States
- Big Four
- Woodrow Wilson; Georges Clemenceau; David Lloyd George; Vittorio Orlando
- May 1915--sinking of the Lusitania
- the British ship, Lusitania, was sunk without warning off the coast of Ireland; 1198 people died--128 of them American
- League of Nations
- was provided for in Wilson's Fourteen Points; an organization of cooperating nations to talk over problems and settle them peacefully, preventing future wars; US did not join
- How America raised money for the war
- "Liberty" and "Victory" loan drives from the public; children sold produce; bought thrift stamps;
- Triple Entente
- "agreement"--Britain, France, Russia--all joined together because of fear of Germany
- David Lloyd George
- met at Paris Peace Conference; represented Britain
- American response to the Treaty of Versailles
- most Americans probably supported the treaty, many Senators were not pleased with it; because of the disagreements the treaty never did get passed; Congress simply stated the war over
- Triple Alliance
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy--all joined together because of imperialistic goals
- Vladimir Lenin
- he was helped by Germany to lead Russians in Communist Revolution; he promised peace to the Russians and pulled Russia out of the war
- Vittorio Orlando
- met at Paris Peace Conference: represented Italy
- Central Powers
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey
- Zimmermann Telegram
- Arthur Zimmermann, German foreign minister, sent a telegram to the Geran minister in Mexico and said Mexico would be rewarded if it fought against the United States
- War Labor Policies Board
- created by the US government to keep costs and wages under control for workers (laborers)
- Reasons US went to war
- American sentiment favored the Allied cause; economic--to protect American investments; Allied propaganda--news came to America from mainly Britain and France; violation of America's Neutral Rights at sea;
- Ferdinand Foch
- French Marshall who served as Supreme Allied Commander
- Reparations
- payment for damages by the losers
- Treaty of Versailles
- 264 page treaty with Germany was detailed and blamed the entire war on Germany and forced Germany to pay for its actions; Woodrow Wilson was disappointed by some of the details
- John Pershing
- American General who commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
- August 1, 1914
- Germany declared war on Russia, and France joined with Russia against Germany and Austria-Hungary two days later
- War Industries Board
- organized the industrial production needed for the war
- June 28, 1914
- assassination in Sarajevo, Bosnia, of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir ot the Austro-Hungarian throne. WW I would soon follow
- Georges Clemenceau
- met at Paris Peace Conference; the French premier; he wanted to make sure Germany was never strong enough again to hurt his country
- Armistice Day
- November 11, 1918; Germany signed an armistice (an agreement to stop fighting); this US holiday is now known as Veterans Day
- Fourteen Points
- a set of guidelines by Woodrow Wilson to help rebuild European peace
- What new weapons were invented during this time?
- tanks; poison gas; airplane; U-boats (underwater boats)
- Reasons Europe went to war
- extreme nationalism--a devotion and pride in one's own nation; Imperialism; Militarism
- Doughboys
- American troops