Anatomy Muscles 300-325
Terms
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- External Intercostals innervation
- Intercostal nerves
- Semispinalis origin and insertion
- origin: Transverse processes of C7-T12; insertion: Occipital bone (capitis) and spinous processes of cervical (cervicis) and thoracic vertebrae T1-T4 (thoracis)
- Quadratus Lumborum action
- Flexes vertebral column laterally when acting separately; when pair acts jointly, lumbar spine is extended and 12th rib is fixed; maintains upright posture
- Quadratus Lumborum innervation
- Spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Spinalis origin and insertion
- origin: Spines or upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; insertion: Spines of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae
- Semispinalis action
- Extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opposite side; acts synergistically with sternocleidomastoid muscles of opposite side
- Semispinalis innervation
- Spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Longissimus origin and insertion
- origin: Transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae; insertion: Transverse processes of thoracic or cervical vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin as indicated by name; capitis inserts into mastoid process of temporal bone
- Spinalis action
- Extends vertebral column
- Spinalis innervation
- Spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Iliocostalis origin and insertion
- origin: Iliac Crests (lumborum); Inferior 6 ribs (thoracis); Ribs 3 to 6 (cervicis); insertion: Angles of ribs (lumborum and thoracis); Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C6-C4 (cervicis)
- Longissimus action
- Thoracis and cervicis act together to extend vertebral column and acting on one side, bend it laterally; capitis extends head and turns the face toward same side
- Longissimus innervation
- Spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Splenius origin and insertion
- origin: Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T6; insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone and occipital bone capitis); transverse processes of C2-C4 vertebrae (cervicis)
- Iliocostalis action
- Extend vertebral column; maintain erect posture; acting on one side, bend vertebral column to same side
- Iliocostalis innervation
- Spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Dorsal Interossei origin and insertion
- origin: Sides of metacarpals; insertion: Extensor expansion over first phalanx of fingers 2-4 on side opposite midaxis of hand (finger 3), but on both sides of finger 3
- Splenius action
- Act as a group to extend or hyperextend head; when splenius muscles on one side are activated, head is rotated and bent laterally toward same side
- Splenius innervation
- Cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
- Palmar Interossei origin and insertion
- origin: The side of each metacarpal that faces the midaxis of the hand (metacarpal 3, where it’s absent); insertion: Extensor expansion on first phalanx of each finger (except finger 3), on side facing midaxis of hand
- Dorsal Interossei action
- Abduct (diverge) fingers; extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints
- Dorsal Interossei innervation
- Ulnar nerve
- Lumbricals origin and insertion
- origin: Lateral side of each tendon of flexor digitorum profundus in palm; insertion: Lateral edge of extensor expansion on first phalanx of fingers 2-5
- Palmar Interossei action
- Adductors of fingers: pull fingers in toward third digit; act with lumbricals to extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints
- Palmar Interossei innervation
- Ulnar nerve