Vocabulary for Ch. 4 from Gov't by the People, 2001-2002 edition
Terms
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- Social Capital
- Participation in Voluntary Organizations that reinfirce discussion of democratic, civic habits of discussion, compromise, and respect for differences.
- Political Culture
- The widley shared beliefs, values, and norms concerning the relationship of citizens to gov't and to one another
- Natural rights
- The rights of all people to dignity and worth; also called human rights.
- Democratic Consensus
- Widespread agreement on fundamental priciples of democratic governance and the values that undergird them.
- Majority Rule
- Governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority.
- Popular Sovereignty
- A belief that the ultimate power resides in the people.
- American Dream
- Thw widespread belief that individual initiative nad hard work can bring economic success, and that the US is a land of opportunity.
- Capiltalism
- An economic system characterized by private property, competitive markets, economic incentives, and limited gov't involvement in the production and pricing of goods and services.
- Monopolies
- Large corporations or firms that dominate their industries and are able to artificially fix pricesand discourage competition.
- Antitrust Legislation
- Federal Laws (starting with the Sherman Act of 1890) that try to prevent monopolies from dominating an industry and restraing trade.
- Ideology
- One's basic beliefs about political values and the role of gov't.
- Liberalism
- A belief in the positive uses of gov't to bring about justice and equality of opportunity.
- Coservatism
- A belief that limited government ensures order, competitive markets, and personal opportunity.
- Socialism
- An economic and gov't'al system based on public ownership of production and exchange.
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Enviromentalism
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Libertarianism -
An ideology that is dominated by concern for the environment but also promotes grass-roots democracy, social justice, equal opportunity, nonviolence, respect for diversityand feminism.
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An ideology that cherishes individual liberty and insists on a sharply limited gov't, promoting a free market economy, a noninterventionist foreign policy, and an absence of regulationin the moral and social spheres.