Neuroanatomy 2
Terms
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- Sacral Plexus
- contains the ventral rami from spinal nerves L4-S3
- Superior gluteal nerve
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Plexus: sacral
Nerves: L4-S1
Innervates: - Inferior gluteal nerve
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Plexus: sacral
Nerves: L5-S2
Innervates: Maximus gluteus - Tibial nerve
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Plexus: Sacral, from sciatic nerve
Spinal nerves; L4-S3
Innervates: - Sacral Plexus nerves
- Superior/Inferior gluteal, Sciatic, Common Peroneal, Tibial, Superficial/deep peroneal nerve
- Femoral Nerve
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Plexus: Lumbar
Spinal nerves: L2-L4
Innervates: Flexors of the hip (Iliapsoas) and anterior thigh - Obturator Nerve
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Plexus: Lumbar
Spinal nerves: L2-L4
Innervates: Medial thigh (passes through obturator foramen) - Sciatic nerve
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Plexus: sacral
Nerves: L4-S3
Innervates: the whole lower extremity! Splits into Tibial, Common Peroneal - Common Peroneal Nerve
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Plexus: Saccral, from Sciatic nerve
Nerves: L4-S2
Innervates Hamstringsshort head of biceps femoris - Number of spinal nerve pairs
- 31
- Cervical nerves
- 8
- Thoracic nerves
- 12
- lumbar nerves
- 5
- saccral nerves
- 5
- coxxygeal nerves
- 1
- Lumbar plexus
- Spinal nerves: T12, L1-L4
- Nerve plexus
- a complex interwoven network of converged adjacent spinal nerves that blend to produce compound nerve trunks.
- lumbosacral plexus
- The plexuses originating from the ventral ramii of the lumbar and saccral regions of the spine.
- 3 types of nerves based on number of axons and dendrites
- Multipolar, Bipolar, Unipolar
- One axon, multiple dendrites (seen on motor cells, many interneurons
- multipolar
- one axon, one dendrite (special sensory cells)
- bipolar
- one process acts both as a dendrite and axon (sensory cells)
- unipolar
- Supportive cells of the nervous system
- Glial cells
- Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells
- Glial cells of the CNS
- Schwann Cells, satellite cells
- Glial cells of the PNS
- repair brain or nerve system
- Astrocytes
- Produce myelin for the CNS
- oligodendrocytes
- The garbage men of the CNS; they phagocytize debris within it
- Microglia
- These line the inner CNS cavities
- ependymal cells
- produce myelin in the PNS
- Schwann cells
- A collection of neuronal cell bodies within the CNS
- Nucleus
- A collection of neuronal cell bodies within the PNS
- Ganglion
- A bundle of axons within the CNS
- Nerve Tract
- A bundle of axons in the PNS
- Nerve
- Conveys nerve impulses toward the brain
- Afferent
- Conveys nerve impulses away from the brain
- Efferent
- White matter, gray matter, dorsal root, dorsal root ganglion, ventral root, spinal nerve, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus
- 8 key components in a spinal cord segment
- composed of nerve cell processes; has an insulating coat of a fatty substance called myelin
- white matter
- composed of nerve cell bodies; does not have myelin coating
- gray matter
- sensory nerve processes bringing information into the spinal cord
- dorsal root
- CNS
- Brain and Spinal Cord
- PNS
- Cranial and Peripheral nerves
- Neuron components (6)
- Cell body, axon, dendrite, synapse, myelin, nodes of ranvier
- conveys stimulus away from the cell body
- axon
- conveys stimulus toward the cell body
- dendrite
- junction between axon and dendrite or cell body
- synapse
- insulating fat, speeds velocity of conduction on nerves
- myelin
- space between myelin sheaths on a nerve
- nodes of ranvier
- Spinal Nerves: how many, what kinds
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31 total pairs
8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 saccral
1 coxxygeal