Psych 308 2
Terms
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- Blooms Taxonomy
- Classification system developed to help teachers think about the objectives they write, the learning activities they design, and the assignments they prepare.
- Cognitive Objectives
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Focus on knowledge and understanding of facts, concepts, princibles, rules, skills, and problem solving.
Knowledge, compresension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation - Affective Objectives
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focus on attitudes and vaules and the development of student's personal and emotional growth.
Receiving, responding, valuing, organizing, characterizing by value - Self-determination theory
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Acknowledges that not all learning is intrinsically motivated.
great chances for long term sucess, but not all students reach it - Self Regulation methods.
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Setting goals
Monitoring Goals
Metacognition
Using Strategies - self efficacy
- learner's belief about their capacity to succeed on a spedific task.
- Strategies for decreasing cognitive load
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Chunking (18 95 61 74)
Automaticity (do it over and over)
Dual Processing (visual and auditory stimulation together) -
Time span things last in
Visual Memeory
Hearing Memory -
Visual: 1 second
Hearing: 4 seconds - Erickson based his theory on this psychologist
- Freud
- Scarcity Principle
- High grades are not available to everyone
- What makes a good example when explaining material?
- Characteristic of the concept is observable in the example
- What is the motivation for advancement in Maslow's Hieracrhy?
- Need for personal growth
- Cognative Strategies
- tools designed to help encode information
- When do you advance through stages in Erickson's classification?
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Changes in motivation.
Challenge is to overcome crises at each stage - Factors in creating a Learning Enhancing environment
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-security/safety
-enhancing task comprehension
-enticing instruction (get their attention, relate things to real life) - Self Regulation is...
- the effort it takes to assume responsibility and control for one's own learning
- Characteristics of Expert Teachers
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-Have more content knowledge
-more pedagogical knowledge
-can think farther ahead, know how lessons integrate
-better public speakers
-better at improvising - Things analyzed in Task Analysis
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--Behavior
--information processing
--subject matter - Teacher Expectancies: How Low ability students are treated
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-called on less
-given less time to answer questoins
-get less praise
-less demanded of them - table of specifications
- A matrix with Content on one axis and Cognitive Performance on the other. Helps teachers assign how many questions to test on in exams.
- Important Grading Practices
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-maintain fairness
-accuracy
-consistancy
-defensible policies (be able to explain to parents/boss why you do them) - Tips for creating and enforcing rules
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-Keep developmental stage in mind
-state rules in Do's, not Don'ts
-Avoid hostility in enforcing rules
-be specific
-older students benefit from helping etablish rules - Important intervention Strategies
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--Be Immediate
--Be clear and direct
--Don't argue or negotiate
--don't take away from class time or embarrasss student -
Assesments best for:
--Knowledge transmition
--Comprehension
--Analysis
--Creative Application -
--MC, T/F, Matching
--essays, open questions
--Portfolios, journal writing, term papers
--Enactive assessment