Tumor
Terms
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- What are the signs of brain tumors?
- inc ICP, headache, vomiting, seizures, cranial n palsies, death, flattening of gyri, ventricular shift, hemorrhage
- What is a glioma?
- a tumor of the brain parenchyma
- What are the types of gliomas?
- astrocytoma, oligodendrogliomas, ependymoma
- What is a form of primitive tumor?
- medulloblastoma
- What is a tumor from the covering?
- menigiomas
- How are astrocytomas graded?
- via cellularity, mitosis and cellular pleomorphism, degree of ascular endothelial hyperlasia, presence or absence of necrosis
- What is grade IV astrocytoma?
- glioblastoma multiforme
- Where are pilocytic astrocytoma found?
- cerebellum and BS
- Where are fibrillary astrocytomas found?
- cerebral hemisphers
- How do fibrillay astrocytomas present?
- seizure, headache, focal neurological symptoms
- What do fibrillary astrocytomas look like?
- expansion of white matter, with gray-white demarcations blurred
- What does fibrillary astrocytoma look like microscopically?
- mild nuclear pleomorphism, no mitoses, necrosis, or vascular endothelial hperplasia
- How often do fibrillary astrocytomas turn deadly?
- 50%
- What is a glioblastoma multiforme?
- rapid growing, poor prognosis, in older pt
- What do glioblastoma multiforme look like?
- yellow necrosis, reddish brown hemorrhageic areas, infiltrating, may cross CC
- What does a glioblastoma multiforme look like on MRI?
- A butterfly
- What is an oligodendroglioma?
- slow growing tumor in adults in frontal or temporal lobes, calcifications, clear cytoplasmic halo and thin walled bld vessels
- Which tumors tend to respond better to therapy?
- ones with chromosomal alterations
- WHich tumor shows true rosettes or pseudoreosettes?
- ependymomas
- How to meningiomas grow?
- they displace the brain?
- What to meninigiomas look like?
- uniform cells with indistinct cytoplamic borders, pale nuclei, whorl formation
- What are the two most common metastatic cancers?
- breast and lung
- Where are metastatic tumors found?
- at the grey-white matter junction