Public Speaking Review
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Chronological
- A pattern of organization that arranges the elements in a time sequence, or in the order that they happened. EX: historical, war, time spent in high school, and growing up using ages.
- Spatial
- A pattern of organization that arranges the elements on the basis of space or situational relationship. If you are taking a store.
- Topical
- Topics, friends, family, and extra-curricular activities.
- Clincher
- A strong concluding statement.
- Quotation
- You deliver this each time you repeat the exact words that someone else has said. Can add a degree of style and sophistication to speech presentations.
- Pronunciation
- The production of correct sound and syllables stresses when speaking.
- Affirmative
- Means yes, or true; tries to prove that the statement is true.
- Pathos
- Appealing to emotion. Some quotations, metaphors, similes, and parallel structure.
- Thesis
- Is the sentence that will tell your audience exactly what you will be speaking about.
- Statue Quo
- Existing conditions or the way things are at the present moment.
- Case
- The debator's ideas and evidence organized and arrangement into a position supporting ones side of resolution. How you are going to present the full side, what you put together to present.
- Logos
- Logic, facts, and statistics-comes in the most.
- Review of points
- Restate the three main points covered.
- Impromptu
- A delivery method that is completely unrehearsed; the speaker uses no notes and relies on his or her ability to offer an immediate verbal response. The speaker might not have any knowledge on the topic.
- Stress
- To emphasize the most important word or words in a sentence. The operatives, the words that are stressed, that need the most emphasis on to be entertaining.
- Actuating
- To move, insight. Occurs in a persuasive speech.
- Eye contact
- Make natural connections with audience. Scanning naturally, not type writer scanning. Look in the audience eyes.
- Problem-solution
- A pattern of organization that presents a problem and then provides possible solutions. Persuasive speeches.
- Attention-Getter
- Grabs attention of audience.
- Volume
- The loudness or softness of a speaker's voice.
- Extemporaneous
- A delivery method in which the speaker refers only to notes or a brief outline. Knows about the topic, previous knowledge about the topic.
- Refute
- To prove that something is wrong or false. (using evidence) Disapproving.
- Articulation
- The crispness and distinctness of a speaker.
- Making Reference
- Allows you to work well with your audience. You might refer to people in the audience, your physical surroundings, other speakers who are on the program, or the significance of the occasion.
- Pandering
- Not ethical, saying what the audience wants to hear, in hopes of getting them on your side.
- Rooted
- Don't move your feet, keep them about shoulder length apart. Do not cross feet, tapping.
- Ethos
- Ethics and credibility. Use facts, statistics, and three credible sources.
- Rebuttal
- The act of countering an opponents attacks to ones argument and thereby rebuilding the argument.
- Cause-Effect
- A pattern of organization that arranges elements of an argument in a "because this happened, this resulted: sequence.
- Memorized
- A delivery method in which the speaker memorizes and then gives the speech word for word without the use of notes. Short to the point, only delivering it once or twice. EX: audience at a parade.
- Proposition
- A statement of the point to be debated. It is a statement.
- Link
- It serves two purposes. First, it is the statement that comes between the attention-getter and the thesis statement and logically connects the two. Secondly, it develops a bridge between the audience and the topic.
- Cherry Picking
- Not ethical, not telling the audience the full story, leaving out the ones that disapprove you.
- Projection
- Making sure everyone can hear you. Fill the space with your voice.
- Preview
- The statement at the end of the introduction that presents an overview of the major areas that will be discussed in the body of the speech.
- Anecdote
- Telling a story.
- Manuscript
- A delivery method in which the speaker writes out and subsequently reads the speech, word for word. Political figures and elected officials often use this method of delivery because they want to be absolutely sure of their words and the phrasing of their ideas.
- Poise
- Look like you have the confidence required, sense of knowing what you are doing.
- Rhetorical Question
- Questions that don't really demand a verbal response; a question that is stated for effect, not requiring an answer.
- Gestures
- Talking with your hands, naturally above the waist, no flapping. Do not be directed, see what happens, or go on a journey.
- Transitions
- A word or phrase in a speech that connects one part of the speech to the next.
- Flowing
- Record of the words or arguments written down during the debates. Taking notes to keep track of the debate so you do not miss anything.
- Pitch
- How high/low your voice goes in range-natural
- Startling statement
- Jolts your audience into paying attention.
- Inflection
- The altering of a speaker's tone or pitch to create emphasis. World color.
- Negative
- Means no, or false.
- Brief
- An outline that summarizes specific case arguments; both sides fully prepared and put together to present.
- Rate
- The speed you speak at- fast or slow- you want it constant.