Medical Terminology - Chapter 2
Terms
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- abdomen/o
- abdomen abdominal - pertaining to the abdomen abdominal cavity - space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder and intestines
- adip/o
- fat adipose - pertaining to fat
- anter/o
- front anterior - pertaining to the front
- bol/o
- to cast (throw) anabolism - process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials catabolism - process of breaking down complex materials (food) to form simpler substances and release energy
- cervic/o
- neck (of the body or of the uterus) cervical - pertaining to the neck
- chondr/o
- cartilage (type of connective tissue) chondroma - tumor of cartilage chondrosarcoma - flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage (tissue)
- chrom/o
- color chromosomes - rod shaped stuctures within the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cell except the egg and sperm which contain only 23 individual unpaired chromosomes
- coccyg/o
- coccyx (tailbone) coccygeal - pertaining to the tailbone
- crani/o
- skull craniotomy - incision of the skull
- cyt/o
- cell cytoplasm - contents (formation) of the cell (apart from the nucleus and cell membrane)
- dist/o
- far, distant distal - far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure
- dors/o
- back portion of the body dorsal - pertaining to the back
- hist/o
- tissue histology - study of tissues
- ili/o
- ilium (part of the pelvic bone) iliac - pertaining to the ilium
- inguin/o
- groin inguinal - pertaining to the grion
- kary/o
- nucleus karyotype - picture of chromosomes in a nucleus cell. The chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure
- later/o
- side lateral - pertaining to the side
- lumb/o
- lower back (side and back between the ribs and the pelvis) lumbsacral - pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions
- medi/o
- middle medial - pertaining to the middle
- nucle/o
- nucleus nucleus - control center of the cell, it contains chromosomes and directs the activies of the cell nucleic - pertaining to the nucleus
- pelv/i
- pelvis pelvic - pertaining to the pelvic (bones in the region of the hip)
- poster/o
- back, behind posterior - pertaining to the back, behind
- proxim/o
- nearest proximal - near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
- sacr/o
- sacrum sacral - pertaining to the sacrum (lower back)
- sarc/o
- flesh sarcoma - tumor of the flesh (malignant)
- spin/o
- spine, backbone spinal - pertaining to the spine, backbone
- thel/o
- nipple epithelial cell - skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs
- thorac/o
- chest thoraic - pertaining to the chest thoractotomy - incision of the chest
- thrache/o
- trachea, windpipe tracheal - pertaining to the windpipe
- umbilic/o
- navel, umbilicus umbilical - pertaining to the navel
- ventr/o
- belly side of the body ventral - pertaining to the belly side of the body
- vertebr/o
- vertebra(e), backbone vertebral - pertaining to the vertebrae
- viscer/o
- internal organs visceral - pertaining to internal organs