Thermochemistry
Terms
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- Define: Thermodynamics
- The study of energy and it's transformations.
- Define: Thermochemistry
- The relationship between chemical reactions and energy changes involving heat.
- What is the equation fo kinetic energy?
- E(k)=1/2mv
- What is the gravitational constant?
- 9.8 m/s^2
- How is potential expressed?
- mgh
- What is the equation for eelectrostatic potential energy?
- E(el)+kQ(1)Q(2)/d
- What is the formula for the constant of proportionality?
- 8.99 x 10^9J-m/C^2
- Define: Pressure-Volume Work
- When gas in does work on it's surroundings.
- What is the equation for P-V work?
- w=-P (delta)V
- Define: Enthalpy
- Heat flow in chemical reactions occuring at constant pressure when no forms of work are performed other than P-V work.
- What is the symbol for enthalpy?
- H
- What is the formula fr enthalpy?
- H=E+PV
- Define: State Function
- A property of a system determined by the state of the system and not how it got that way.
- Define: Enthalpy of Reaction
- The enthalpy change of a reaction. (delta)H=H(products)-H(reactants)
- If (delta)H is negative, what does that indicate?
- The reaction was exothermic.
- Define: Thermochemical Equation
- An balanced chemical equation the shows the associated enthalpy change.
- Is enthalpy an extensive or intesive change?
- Extensive.
- Explain what the enthalpy change for a reverse reaction.
- The (delta)H is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.
- Define: Calorimetry
- The measurement of heat flow.
- Define: Heat Capacity
- The amount of energy required to raisre it's temperature 1 degree C.
- Define: Molar heat capacity
- The heat capacity of one mol of substance.
- Define: Specific Heat Capacity
- The heat capacity of 1g of substance.
- What is the formula for specific heat capacity?
- Specific heat= q (quantity of heat)/ m (grams of substance) * (delta) T (temperature change) Or q/m*(delta)T
- What is the equation to find a quantity of heat that a substance has gained or lost?
- q=Specific heat * m * (delta)T
- What does Hess's Law State?
- If a reaction is carried out in a series of steps, (delta)H for te reaction will equal the sum of the enthalpy changes for the individual steps.
- Define: The enthalpy of formation
- The enthalpy change associated wth the formation of a compund from it's constitutional elements.
- Define: Standard enthalpy
- the enthalpy change when all reactants and products are in their standard state.