microbiology quiz 5 diseases
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
-
SALMONELLA
Food Poisoning -
Disease: Food Poisoning
Organism: Salmonella enteritidis
S/S: fever, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea beginning 12 to 72 hours
Treatment: antibiotics usually not necessary
Prevention: proper handling of food items -
SALMONELLA
Typhoid Fever -
Disease: Typhoid Fever
Organism:Salmonella typhimurium
S/S: fever, chills, bouts of sweats, bradycardia, coughing, rash or "rose spots"
Treatment:antibiotics; chloramphenicol, military get vaccine
Prevention: education of proper handwashing -- fecal/oral; "Typhoid Mary" - Yersinia
-
Disease: Yersinia/plague
Organism:Yersinia Pestis
S/S:
Treatment:Tetrycilcine, streptomycin, vacine to medical and family of exposed
Prevention: cleanlyness; carried by flees of rats, mice, squirrles, prairry dogs. -
3 types of
Yersinia and how they differ -
Bubonic plague: breeding in cells of blood; hangs out in Lymph nodes = 50-70% death
Septisemia plague: bacterium in blood stream; septic shock= 50-70% death
Pneumonic plague: infection in lungs; fast/quick death = 100% death - Shigella
-
Disease: Shigella
Organism:Shigella dysenteriae
S/S: diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, convultions and coma caused by Shiga toxins
Treatment: antibiotics; cipro, electrolites and fluid replacement. no vaccine
Prevention:hygene; typically via ingestion (fecal–oral contamination) - what is Shiga toxins?
- Shigella bacterium produces a neurotoxin; Shiga toxins act to inhibit protein synthesis within target cells
- Haemophilus influenzae
-
Disease: Menigitia
Organism: Haemophilus influenza
S/S: flu like symptoms, ear infections, coma, convultions
Treatment: HIB vaccine
Prevention: HIB vaccine in children; 6 mo - 4 yrs, 6% mortality of those % 30 to 50% mental retardation - Bordetella
-
Disease: whooping cough
Organism: Bordetella pertussis
S/S: cough
Treatment:antibiotics; arythromycin
Prevention:Vaccine DTP -
Pseudomonas
and Burn infections -
Disease: pseudomonas
Organism: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
S/S: typical cause of "hot-tub rash" (dermatitis), caused by lack of proper, periodic attention to water quality. The most common cause of burn infections; blue green pus - organisms grow under scab
Treatment: Cipro; - Mycoplasma
-
Disease: Walking pneumonia
Organism: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
S/S: mild resp. infection, low grade fever about 3 wks., head aches
Treatment: antibitoics
Prevention: infection caused by resp. droplets -
Rickettsia
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever -
Disease: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Organism:Rickettsia Richettsae
S/S: fever, headache, 2-4 days later rash from distal to proximal of body
Treatment: antibiotics, no effective vaccine
Prevention: stay out of the woods; 5-20% mortaility, 1000 cases per year. -
Rickettsia
Typhus -
Disease: Typhus; human body lice
Organism: Rickettsia prowaskii
S/S: fever, rash
Treatment: general antibiotics
Prevention: bacteria in poo of lice, poo into skin, mortality 30% if untreated - Chlamydia
-
Disease: Chlamydia; human eye and genital disease
Organism: Chlamydia trachomatis
S/S: painful urination, common asymptomatic PID. in eye; blindness if untreated
Treatment: antibiotics
Prevention: most common STD in the world; 3-4 mill. each year in U.S. -
Chlamydia
Elementary body vs.
Reticulate body -
Elementary body: EB = infection accured, enters cell (oblicate intracellular parasite)
Reticulate body: RB = starts to divide -
SPIROCHETES
Syphilis -
Disease:
Organism: Treponema pallidum
S/S: dubbed the "Great Imitator"
Treatment: penicillin or other antibiotics
Prevention: sexual contact; congenital syphilis (transmission from mother to child in utero) -
SPIROCHETES
Lyme Disease -
Disease:Lyme disease
Organism: Borrelia burgdorteri
S/S: "bulls eye" site of bite. fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint aches in large joints, sore throat, sinus infection
Treatment:no vaccine; antibiotics must be given ASAP
Prevention: don't get bit - difference between East coast and West coast Lyme disease?
-
East coast: high incedents of infection in mammels
West coast: effects lizards - Vibrio cholerae
-
Disease: Rice water stools
Organism:Vibrio cholerae
S/S: loss of fluids and electrolites (dysentary) 3-5 gls/day
Treatment: tetracycline; fluid/electrolite replacement, vacine available (not in U.S.) SHORT LIVED
Prevention: fecal oral contamination - also in some shellfish - Helicobacter pylori
- Gram-negative microaerophilic,human gastrointestinal pathogens,diarrheal illnesses, systemic infection, chronic superficial gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and can lead to gastric carcinoma.
-
describe shape of
Salmonella - rod-shaped Gram-negative enterobacteria that causes typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever and foodborne illness.
-
describe shape of
Yersinia pestis - a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae.
-
describe shape of
Shigella dysenteriae - rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. They are normal inhabitants of the human gastro-intestinal tract and can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria
-
describe shape of
Haemophilus influenzae - non-motile Gram-negative coccobacillus
-
describe shape of
Bordetella pertussis - small, Gram-negative, aerobic coccobacilli
-
describe shape of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Gram-negative, aerobic bacilli measuring 0.5 to 0.8, μm by 1.5 to 3.0 μm. Motility is by a single polar flagellum.
-
describe shape of
Mycoplasma pneumonae - Gram-positive bacteria and are fried-egg-shaped colonies on agar
-
describe shape of
Rickettsia Rickettsae and/or Rickettsia prowazekii - small, Gram-negative bacilli that are obligate intracellular parasites
-
describe of
Chlamydia trachomatis - obligate intracellular bacteria
-
describe shape of
syphilis treponema -
helically coiled, corkscrew-shaped cells
spirocete -
describe shape of
Vibrio cholerae - cholera vibrios are Gram-negative, slightly curved rods whose motility depends on a single polar flagellum
-
describe
Borrelia burgdorferi - Lyme disease,
- 4 stages of syphilis
-
1) Incubation Stage: 2 weeks, organism multiply and spread through body
2) Primary Stage: initial genital tract lesion
3) Secondary Stage: skin rash, fever; last couple of weeks. disseminated lesions
4) Tertiary Stage:in approximately one-third of untreated individuals, cardiovascular and neurological problems -
what is
Gummas - soft, non-cancerous growth resulting from the tertiary stage of syphilis. gummas eventually undergo fibrous degeneration, leaving behind an irregular scar or a round, fibrous nodule.
- what is Chancre:
- painless ulceration formed during the primary stage of syphilis. transmit the sexually transmissible disease of syphilis through direct physical contact