Final Unit 13
Terms
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- name some food for staphylococcal food poisoing
- ham, custards, creams, salads with mayonnaise
- typhoid fever (salmonella typhi)
- 500 cases/yr in U.S.; mortality: 1-2%; salmonella typhi:very invasive & will multiply in phagocytic cells; found only in humans
- what are the symptoms of gastroenteritis
- diarrhea, adominal cramps, nausea, & vomitting; in developing countries-diarrrhea is a major factor in infant mortality
- Norovirus/Norwalk virus
- all age groups infected but tends to occur with adults; milder symptom than rotavirus; 50% of middle-aged American show evidence by presence of serum antibodies; incubation: 18-48hrs
- staphylococcal food poisoing
- staph. aureus intoxication; food stored at RT: enterotoxin produced; exotoxins survive boiling for 30 mins; disease: nasal passages-hands-food
- what is txt. for typhoid fever
- cephalosporins
- gastroenteritis
- disease causing inflammation the stomach and intestinal mucosa; most via contaminated water or food
- shigellosis (bacillary dysentery)
- blood & mucous in stools, fever, 20 bowel movements/day; intoxication and infection from shigella sp. infective dose small since bacteria not affected by stomach acidity
- bacteria diseases of the digestive system
- infections vs. intoxications, staphylococcal food poisoiining, Salmonellosis (salmonella gastroenteritis), typhoid fever (salmonella typhi), shigellosis (bacillary dysentery), vibrio parahaemolyticus
- vibrio parahaemolyticus
- is an infection & intoxication; halophile (coastal water); low mortality; COMMON IN NORTH AMERICA
- how transmitted/txt. of vibrio parahaemolyticus
- uncooked contaminated shellfish; treatment: antibiotics & rehydration
- how is cholera treated
- tetracycline & rehydration
- what is incubation/txt. for staphylococcal food poisoing
- incubation: 1-6hrs; treatment: rehydration
- what is txt. for shegellosis
- antibiotics(severe cases) & rehydration
- what is transmission/txt. of Norovirus/Norwalk virus
- transmission: fecal oral; treatment: rehydration
- viral gastroenteritis
- 90% from Rotavirus and Norovirus/Norwalk
- Normal flora
- found in mouth (streptococcus salivarus, S. mutans, Lactobacillus, Candida albicans), stomach, large intestines(E.coli, enterobacter sp., lactobacillus sp., candida albicans), small intestines
- infections
- pathogens enters GI tract & multipliles; they can penetrate intestinal mucous & pass to other organs
- how does typhoid fever disease develops & incubation time
- disease: 1st week: fever(104F); diarrhea 2nd & 3rd week; incubation: 2weeks; carries: 1-3% of recovered patients become carriers (found in feces for 6 months or longer like Typhoid Mary)
- how to prevent/txt. Salmonellosis
- prevention: cook thoroughly, wash hands; treatment:rehydration
- how is Salmonellosis transmitted/incubation
- foods: poultry, eggs, raw egg products; pet reptiles can carry the microbe; incubation: 12-36hrs
- what are transmission/treatment for Rotavirus
- transmission: viral antigents in feces; treatment: rehydration
- Rotavirus
- very common, 90% of children in US infected by age 3; 5 to 8 days infection: low grade fever, diarrhea & vomitting
- Salmonellosis (salmonella gastroenteritis)
- salmonella sp.: gram negative rod; disease: gastroenteritis; can infect other organs; 40,000-50,000 reported cased/yr; estimate 2-4 million cases/yr; less than 1% mortality rate