GI Midterm Practice
Terms
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- CMV
- This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, infecting all cells except squamous epithelium, and results in owl's eye inclusions histologically
- Krukenberg
- Gastric cancer metastasized to the ovaries
- Duodenal
- The type of ulcer resulting from smoking, and can see elevated BAO and MAO
- Candida
- This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, resulting in thrush
- Celiac, gastric
- The lymph from the lower 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
- CCK
- This enzyme stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gall bladder emptying
- Scleroderma
- A progressive dysphagia of foods and liquids with heartburn is suggestive of this
- Fundus
- Gastric acid and intrinsic factor is released from this part of the stomach
- Radiation enteritis
- Histologic changes include villous atrophy with hypoplastic crypts
- Adenocarcinoma
- The most common primary tumor of the esophagus
- Sliding
- The more common type of hiatal hernia
- Abetalipoproteinemia
- This disease results in an inability to form chylomicrons, and VLDL and LDL deficiency
- Whipple's disease
- Multi-organ systemic disease that shows macrophages with PAS positive bacilli
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Elevated fecal fat with triglycerides results from this problem
- Secretin
- This enzyme stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
- Bacterial overgrowth
- Removal of the ileocecal valve surgically may predispose to this
- Autoimmune
- This type of gastritis is prevalent in Northern European populations
- Meckel's diverticulum
- This congenital anomaly may contain ectopic gastric or pancreatic tissue
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- The main risk factors of this disease in industrialized countries are alcohol and tobacco use
- Reflux esophagitis
- Sjogren's disease can result in this, which will show ballooned squamous cells and an expanded basal zone under the microscope
- Celiac disease
- Elevated fecal fat with free fatty acids results from this problem
- Carcinoid
- Nuclei have "salt and pepper" chromatin appearance in this disease
- Cl
- This ion is the major driver for secretion in the GI tract
- Herpes simplex
- This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, affecting only the squamous epithelium, and results in ground glass, or eosinophilic inclusions histologically
- Zenker's
- A type of pulsion diverticulum that occurs in older men in the esophagus
- Pigmented
- This type of gallstone can arise in a patient on TPN
- Meckel's diverticulum
- The most common congenital anomaly of the GI tract
- Achalasia
- A progressive dysphagia of foods and liquids without heartburn is suggestive of this
- Proximal small intestine
- Most vitamins and minerals are absorbed in this part of the GI tract
- Cervical
- The lymph from the upper 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
- PUD
- 4 layers can be seen with this disease: surface necrotic debris, inflammatory exudate with neutrophils, granulation tissue, and a fibrous scar at the base
- H. pylori
- Infection from this organism results in increased gastrin secretion and decreased somatostain secretion
- Achalasia
- This results from a loss of inhibitory ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus in the esophagus
- Adenocarcinoma
- Barrett's esophagus predisposes to this
- Mediastinal
- The lymph from the middle 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
- Whipple's disease
- Intestinal mucosa packed with "foamy" macrophages, PAS positive
- Cancer
- A rapid, progressive dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
- Boerhaave
- A complication of a Mallory-Weiss tear, which results in the perforation of the esophagus into the mediastinum
- Acute pancreatitis
- Ranson's criteria is used to grade the severity of this disease
- Gastric
- The type of ulcer resulting from NSAID usage
- Rolling
- This type of hiatal hernia can result in loss of lung volume, esophageal obstruction, and strangulation of the stomach
- Celiac disease
- This disease results in intraintestinal epithelial lymphocytes, crypt hyperplasia, increased mononuclear inflammatory cells, villous atrophy, and abnormal surface absorptive cells
- Pill esophagitis
- Patients taking tetracycline, iron tablets, quinidine, NSAIDs, or KCl can have this
- Peptic stricture
- A gradual, progressive dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
- Chemical esophagitis
- This can occur with patients who take bisphosphonates before bed at night
- Plummer-Vinson
- A cause of dysphagia that affects mostly middle-aged women, and can be associated with severe iron deficiency anemia, atrophic glossitis, and koilonychia
- Spasm
- An intermittent dysphagia of foods and liquids with chest pain is suggestive of this
- Web/ring
- An intermittent dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
- Allergic
- This form of esophagitis does not respond to anti-reflux therapy, and involves the entire length of the esophagus
- Schatzki rings
- These occur in the distal esophagus at or near the gastro-esophageal junction, and can cause food impaction
- Pill esophagitis
- A kissing ulcer of the esophagus can result from this
- Cholesterol
- The most common type of gallstone
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Corrosive esophagitis due to ingesting a strong acid or alkali can predispose to this
- Distal ileum
- B12 and bile acids are reabsorbed in this part of the GI tract
- Proximal small intestine
- Carbs, proteins, and lipids, are mainly absorbed in this part of the GI tract
- Proximal duodenum
- Iron is absorbed in this part of the GI tract
- Celiac disease
- This disease affects the proximal small intestine preferentially