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GI Midterm Practice

Terms

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CMV
This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, infecting all cells except squamous epithelium, and results in owl's eye inclusions histologically
Krukenberg
Gastric cancer metastasized to the ovaries
Duodenal
The type of ulcer resulting from smoking, and can see elevated BAO and MAO
Candida
This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, resulting in thrush
Celiac, gastric
The lymph from the lower 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
CCK
This enzyme stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gall bladder emptying
Scleroderma
A progressive dysphagia of foods and liquids with heartburn is suggestive of this
Fundus
Gastric acid and intrinsic factor is released from this part of the stomach
Radiation enteritis
Histologic changes include villous atrophy with hypoplastic crypts
Adenocarcinoma
The most common primary tumor of the esophagus
Sliding
The more common type of hiatal hernia
Abetalipoproteinemia
This disease results in an inability to form chylomicrons, and VLDL and LDL deficiency
Whipple's disease
Multi-organ systemic disease that shows macrophages with PAS positive bacilli
Pancreatic insufficiency
Elevated fecal fat with triglycerides results from this problem
Secretin
This enzyme stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
Bacterial overgrowth
Removal of the ileocecal valve surgically may predispose to this
Autoimmune
This type of gastritis is prevalent in Northern European populations
Meckel's diverticulum
This congenital anomaly may contain ectopic gastric or pancreatic tissue
Squamous cell carcinoma
The main risk factors of this disease in industrialized countries are alcohol and tobacco use
Reflux esophagitis
Sjogren's disease can result in this, which will show ballooned squamous cells and an expanded basal zone under the microscope
Celiac disease
Elevated fecal fat with free fatty acids results from this problem
Carcinoid
Nuclei have "salt and pepper" chromatin appearance in this disease
Cl
This ion is the major driver for secretion in the GI tract
Herpes simplex
This virus can cause infectious esophagitis, affecting only the squamous epithelium, and results in ground glass, or eosinophilic inclusions histologically
Zenker's
A type of pulsion diverticulum that occurs in older men in the esophagus
Pigmented
This type of gallstone can arise in a patient on TPN
Meckel's diverticulum
The most common congenital anomaly of the GI tract
Achalasia
A progressive dysphagia of foods and liquids without heartburn is suggestive of this
Proximal small intestine
Most vitamins and minerals are absorbed in this part of the GI tract
Cervical
The lymph from the upper 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
PUD
4 layers can be seen with this disease: surface necrotic debris, inflammatory exudate with neutrophils, granulation tissue, and a fibrous scar at the base
H. pylori
Infection from this organism results in increased gastrin secretion and decreased somatostain secretion
Achalasia
This results from a loss of inhibitory ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus in the esophagus
Adenocarcinoma
Barrett's esophagus predisposes to this
Mediastinal
The lymph from the middle 1/3 of the esophagus drains to these lymph nodes
Whipple's disease
Intestinal mucosa packed with "foamy" macrophages, PAS positive
Cancer
A rapid, progressive dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
Boerhaave
A complication of a Mallory-Weiss tear, which results in the perforation of the esophagus into the mediastinum
Acute pancreatitis
Ranson's criteria is used to grade the severity of this disease
Gastric
The type of ulcer resulting from NSAID usage
Rolling
This type of hiatal hernia can result in loss of lung volume, esophageal obstruction, and strangulation of the stomach
Celiac disease
This disease results in intraintestinal epithelial lymphocytes, crypt hyperplasia, increased mononuclear inflammatory cells, villous atrophy, and abnormal surface absorptive cells
Pill esophagitis
Patients taking tetracycline, iron tablets, quinidine, NSAIDs, or KCl can have this
Peptic stricture
A gradual, progressive dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
Chemical esophagitis
This can occur with patients who take bisphosphonates before bed at night
Plummer-Vinson
A cause of dysphagia that affects mostly middle-aged women, and can be associated with severe iron deficiency anemia, atrophic glossitis, and koilonychia
Spasm
An intermittent dysphagia of foods and liquids with chest pain is suggestive of this
Web/ring
An intermittent dysphagia of solid foods only is suggestive of this
Allergic
This form of esophagitis does not respond to anti-reflux therapy, and involves the entire length of the esophagus
Schatzki rings
These occur in the distal esophagus at or near the gastro-esophageal junction, and can cause food impaction
Pill esophagitis
A kissing ulcer of the esophagus can result from this
Cholesterol
The most common type of gallstone
Squamous cell carcinoma
Corrosive esophagitis due to ingesting a strong acid or alkali can predispose to this
Distal ileum
B12 and bile acids are reabsorbed in this part of the GI tract
Proximal small intestine
Carbs, proteins, and lipids, are mainly absorbed in this part of the GI tract
Proximal duodenum
Iron is absorbed in this part of the GI tract
Celiac disease
This disease affects the proximal small intestine preferentially

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