Animal Health 6
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- What are the core vaccines for felines?
-
-herpesvirus
-caliciviurs
-panleukopenia
-rabies - What are the non-core vaccines for felines?
-
-FeLV (Feline Leukemia Virus)
-FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency virus)
-FIP (Feline Infectious Peritonitis - What is the purpose of having core and non-core vaccines?
- -Core vaccines are recommended for all cats where-as non-core vaccines are optional. This lowers the incidence of vaccine associated fibrosarcomas which are +/- 30% fatal.
- What is the etiology of feline respiratory disease (4)?
-
-Feline Rhinotracheitis Virus (FRV), feline herpesvirus
-Feline Calicivirus (FCV)
-Chlamydia psittaci
-mycoplasma spp. - What are four pathogenesis traits?
-
-feline herpesvirus and calicivirus account for about 80% of respiratory disease
-shed in ovular, nasal, and pharyngeal secretions
-direct contact, fomites
-carrier states - What are two carrier states of feline respiratory disease?
-
-both FRV and FCV have persistently infected carriers/shedders that maintain infection in groups of cats
-theswe shedders may or may not be clinically ill - What are 7 clinical signs of FRV?
-
-begins with intermittent sneezing that becomes paroxysmal
-fever
-depression
-anorexia
-ocular and nasal discharge
-oral ulcers
-hypersalivation - What are the clinical signs of FCV (5)?
-
*Signs generally more variable and less severe:
-lethargy
-anorexia
-fever
-hyperpnea
-oral lesions -
What therapy is given to prevent feline respiratoy disease?
How can this be prevented? -
-supportive
-antibiotics (tetracycline and amoxacillin)
+vaccination
+kennel management - How can you diagnose feline respiratory disease?
-
-history and physical exam
-virus isolation
-serology - What are two types of feline viral neoplasia?
-
-FeLV
-FIV - What is the etiology of feline leukemia virus ?
- -retrovirus
- What are 5 ways of pathogenesis in FeLV?
-
-most prevalent cause of severe illness and death in cats
-transmission primarily via saliva and respiratory secretions
-continuous viral shedding by viremic cats
-virus dies in 24 hours in environment
-easily killed by heat, drying, soaps, and disinfectants
-virus goes to bone marrow to infect hematopoeitic precursor cells - What are three general signs of FeLV?
-
-neoplastic disease
-bone marrow suppression syndromes
-immunosuppression - -How can you diagnose FeLV?
-
-clinical signs
-laboratory using immunofluorescence, virus isolation, in-house testing - How do you treat a can with FeLV?
- -chemotherapy which has only a 5 month remission span
- How can you prevent FeLV?
-
-vaccinate in negative cats only
*vaccine may not be completely effective - What is the persentage rate of contraction of FeLV?
- -10-15% chance if exposed to a FeLV+ cat for more than several months
- What is the etiology of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)?
-
-retrovirus
-subgroup lentivirus (human HIV) - -What are 4 pathogenesis keys?
-
-transmission primarily from the bite of an infected cat
-possible sexual transmission
-transmission to nursing kittens
-causes T cell supression; decreased macrophage activity - What are the two stages of cinical signs for FIV?
-
-initial acute stage
-latent stage - What happens during the initial acute stage of FIV(3)?
-
-fever
-malaise
-general lymphadenopathy - What occurs during the latent stage of FIV(10)?
-
-fever
-anemia
-weight loss
-diarrhea
-chronic upper respiratory disease
-chronic conjunctivitis
-dementia
-behavioral changes
-psychotic behavior
-seizures - What are 4 ways to diagnose FIV?
-
-serology
-virus isolation
-pathology
-in house test (combined with FeLV test) -
What therapy can be given for FIV?
How can it be prevented? -
-no listed therapy
-spay/neuter and vaccine will hopefully work -
What is the etiology of Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)?
*Remember Crickets Scare! -
-coronavirus
-unstable and short lived outside host - What are three pathogenesis of FIP?
-
-infection via ingestion/inhalation (must be close however)
-spread to organs via blood stream
-deposition of Ag/Ab complexes damages blood vessels (allows fluid to leak out into tissues) - What are five clinical signs of FIP?
-
-seen primarily in young cats (3-4years typically)
-acute or gradual onset
-wet/effusive form
-dry/non-effusive form
-almost always fatal! -
What occurs in the wet form of FIP?
+How about dry form? -
-accumulation of fluid mostly in abdominal cavity
-death in 5-7 weeks
+insidiuous onset of weight loss, depression, anemia, fever - How can you diagnose FIP?
-
-clinical signs
-evaluation of effusive fluid
-serology
-necropsy -
What therapy can be given for FIP cats?
How can it be prevented? -
-no therapy, invariably fatal
-no vaccine available - What is the etiology of Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV)?
-
-"Feline Distemper"
-parvovirus - What are 4 pathogenesis items of FVP?
-
-virus can survive up to one year out of host, fomites
-very resistant and extremely stable
-transmission via direct contact with infected cats or secretions
-virus requires rapidly multiplying cells for successful infection - Which secretions carry FPV?
- -all secretions
- Where can you find rapidly multiplying cells for FVP to attack?
-
-intestines
-bone marrow
-lymphoid organs - What are the clinical signs of FPV?
-
-most common are subclinical due to appropriate immune response
-severe illness in young unvaccinated kittens (3-5 months)
-fever (104-107), depression, anorexia, vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, weakness, semi-coma
*cats surviving longer than 5 days typically recover over several weeks - How can you diagnose FPV?
-
-history
-clinical signs
-laboratory using serology and virus isolation -
What therapy is given for FPV?
Prevention? -
-supportive care (fluids, anti-emetics, vitamins, +/- antibiotics)
+vaccination
+recovery from natural infection probably confers lifelong immunity - When do you test for FeLV?
- -8 weeks of age
- What causes death in healthy FeLV + cats?
- -anemia, infection, tumors