inf2b
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- Itraconazole
- Aspergillus infxns
- Miconazole
- candida vulvovaginitis
- Cidofovir
- Inh DNA polymerase (activated by HOST kinases to diphosphate form) - R CMV, Acyclo R HSV & VZV
- Chloroquine
- Inhib malarial heme polymerase - P. malaria & non-R P. falciparum - vivax & ovale will relapse (use primaquine)
- Niclosamide
- Activate ATPase or uncouple ox phos - Tapeworm (flatworm) - Flat like a nickle!
- Acyclovir
- Guanosine analog-activated by viral kinases (2nd & 3rd phosphorylation by host kinases) - *HSV1&2, severe VSV, EBV (oral hairy leukoplakia)
- Terbinafine
- Inh squalene epoxidase - ↑ squalene kills fungus - DOC Fungal nail INF PO - PO&top for tinea
- Stavudine
- NRTI - Nucleoside analog phosphorylated to ZTP that inhib viral RT
- Rimantadine
- for Influenza
- Vidarabine
- herpes simplex keratitis
- Lopinavir
- HIV PI - Prevents cleavage of the two polyprotein products of HIV mRNA (Virions cannot mature)
- Voriconazole
- Azole-Inhibit fungal CYP450-Antifungal - PO & IV
- Montelukase
- LTD4 receptor blocker - chronic maintenance therapy for Asthma
- Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine
- DiHfolate reductase I - selective for malarial & toxoplasmodial DHFR - chloroquine R malaria
- Praziquantel
- ↑ Ca perm=tetanic contractions/death - Flukes (fluke to have q&z in a word!)
- Valacyclovir
- Precursor to Acyclovir c ↑ Bioavail. - *HSV1&2, severe VSV, EBV (hairy leukoplakia)
- Nystatin
- ↑ memb permiability (afinity for fungal ergosterol) - Antifungal - PO (but not absorbed for oral candidiasis) & topical
- Permethrin
- DOC lice!
- Saquinavir
- HIV PI - Prevents cleavage of the two polyprotein products of HIV mRNA (Virions cannot mature)
- Mebendazole
- Pinworm INF (Enterobius) - Inhibits microtubule synth
- Revirapine
- NNRTI - NOT a nucleoside! Binds directly to HIV RT
- Alendazole
- Well absorbed GI - Roundworm (Echinococcus) & neurocysticercosis - Inhibits microtubule synth
- Cromolyn Sodium
- Alters Cl channels to stabilize mast cell/eosinophil membrane & prevent egranulation - Bronchial Asthma PRO
- Ivermectin
- ↑ GABA neuroxmission->death, threadworm & roundworm
- Zileuton
- 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor to prevent LT formation - Asthma
- Griseofulvin
- dermatophytes: tinea corporis (ringworm), tineal capitas (scalp ringworm); tinea cruris (jock itch), tenia pedis (athlete's foot)
- Lamivudine
- NRTI - Nucleoside analog phosphorylated to ZTP that inhib viral RT
- Ritonavir
- HIV PI - Prevents cleavage of the two polyprotein products of HIV mRNA (Virions cannot mature)
- Pyrantel Pamoate
- ACh (neuromuscular) blockade - Pin (Enterobius) & roundworm (Echinococcus)
- Zafirlukast
- LTD4 receptor blocker - chronic maintenance therapy for Asthma
- Mefloquine
- Inhib malarial heme polymerase - *R P. falciparum - vivax & ovale will relapse (use primaquine)
- Zidovudine
- NRTI - Nucleoside analog phosphorylated to ZTP that inhib viral RT
- Tenofovir
- NRTI combination
- Efavirenz
- NNRTI - NOT a nucleoside! Binds directly to HIV RT
- Primaquine
- Liver stages P vivax & ovale (use c blood schizonticide like chloroquine)
- Foscarnet
- Directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase - R CMV & HSV - Dose related nephrotox!
- Amphotericin B
- ↑ memb permiability (afinity for fungal ergosterol) - Antifungal - IV & topical
- Clotrimazole
- candida vulvovaginitis
- Metronidazole
- cidal anaero (B. fragilis!) - DOC C. diff collitis - Giard, amebiasis, trich - No EtOH, monitor AST/ALT
- Fomivirisen
- antisense oligonuc binds to mRNA and blocks translation to protein - CMV retinitis
- Fluconazole
- Azole-Inhibit fungal CYP450-Antifungal - PRO vaginal candidiasis c Abx use
- Abacavir
- NRTI - Nucleoside analog phosphorylated to ZTP that inhib viral RT
- Amoxacillin
- Aminopenicillin PO - DOC Otitis Media
- Ampicillin
- Aminopenicillin IV - DOC Otitis Media
- Azithromycin
- Macrolide - 50s - DOC CAP (esp myco&legion) - Staph/Strep in Pt c PCN ALL
- Aztreonam
- ßL - Monobactam - cidal for G(-), NO G(+) - Rx for Pt c PCN allergy
- Benzathine Penicillin G
- Orig. IM PCN
- Cefazolin
- ßL -1st Gen Ceph - +++ G(+) (Staph/Strep) NOT Entero - Surg PRO
- Cefepime
- ßL -4th gen Ceph - xtra ßLase R - +++ G+/-
- Cefotaxime
- ßL -3rd gen Ceph - +++ G-, ++ G+, Good CSF penitration
- Cefotetan
- ßL -2nd gen Ceph - ++ G+/- & anaerobe - ABD Surg PRO
- Cefoxitin
- ßL -2nd gen Ceph - ++ G+/- & anaerobe - ABD Surg PRO
- Ceftazidime
- ßL -3rd gen Ceph - +++ G-, ++ G+, Good CSF - Only Ceph vs. Pseudo
- Ceftriaxone
- ßL -3rd gen Ceph - +++ G-, ++ G+, Good CSF penetration
- Ciprofloxacin
- Fluro - cidal (inhibits topoisomerase) - +++ G-, some G+, mycobac & atypicals, NOT c arrythmics!
- Clarithromycin
- Macrolide - 50s - DOC CAP (esp myco&legion) - Staph/Strep in Pt c PCN ALL
- Clavulanate
- Clavaulanic acid - BLase Inhibitor
- Clindamycin
- Bacteriostatic - Binds 50s - G+ and Anaerobe (not C. diff so collitis poss SE) good bone penetration - NO G-
- Cloxacillin
- Penicillinase resistant PCN
- Dicloxacillin
- Penicillinase resistant PCN
- Doxycycline
- static - Binds 30s - Rikettsia & chlamydia (+++intracellular) - cheap Rx atypical PN
- Erythromycin
- Macrolide - 50s - DOC CAP (esp myco&legion) - Staph/Strep in Pt c PCN ALL
- Gatifloxacin
- Fluro - cidal (inhibits topoisomerase) - +++ G-, better G+, mycobac & atypicals, NOT c arrythmics!
- Gemifloxacin
- Fluro - cidal (inhibits topoisomerase) - +++ G-, some G+, mycobac & atypicals, NOT c arrythmics!
- Imipenem
- ßL (ßLase R)Carbapenem - BROAD spec S-MRSA & VRE (used c cilastatin aka seizurecillin) MDR pathogens & polymicrobial life threatening INF!
- Levofloxacin
- Fluro - cidal (inhibits topoisomerase) - +++ G-, some G+, mycobac & atypicals, NOT c arrythmics!
- Linezolid
- 50s - high R G+ ie. MRSA & VRE
- Meropenem
- ßL (ßLase R) - Carbapenem - BROAD spec S-MRSA & VRE - MDR pathogens & polymicrobial life threatening INF!
- Minocycline
- static - Binds 30s - Rikettsia & chlamydia (+++intracellular) - cheap Rx atypical PN
- Moxifloxacin
- Fluro - cidal (inhibits topoisomerase) - +++ G-, better G+, mycobac & atypicals, NOT c arrythmics!
- Nafcillin
- Penicillinase resistant PCN
- Nitrofurantoin
- Urinary antiseptic - UTIs esp E. coli & entero - Brown urine!
- Oxacillin
- Penicillinase resistant PCN
- Penicillin G
- Orig. IV PCN
- Penicillin VK
- Orig. PO PCN
- Piperacillin
- IV PCN for Gram (-) esp. Pseudomonas (use c ßLase I)
- Procaine Penicillin G
- Orig. IM PCN
- Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
- 50s - high R G+ ie. MRSA & VRE
- Sulbactam
- ßLase Inhibitor
- Tazobactam
- ßLase Inhibitor
- Tetracycline
- static - Binds 30s - Rikettsia & chlamydia (+++intracellular) - cheap Rx atypical PN
- Ticarcillin
- IV PCN for Gram (-) esp. Pseudomonas (use c ßLase I)
- Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
- inhibits dihydrofolate reductase - UTIs, PCP
- Tx of TB c +PPD & neg CXR
- 6-9 months daily isoniazid (INH)
- Tx of TB c +PPD & TB in sputum
- 9 mo Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide (INH, RIF, PZA, EMB)
- Tx of TB in Pt c HIV taking PI and NNRTI
- 9 mo Isoniazid, RIFABUTIN (NOT Rifampin), Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide
- Vancomycin
- G+ ONLY - MRSA - Serious INF in Pt c PCN ALL - 2nd line for C. diff collitis
- cefazolin (1)
- surgical prophylaxis (DOC), skin & soft tissue infections (staph. Aureus & Strep)
- cefoxitin (2)
- intra-abdominal surgery prophylaxis (anaerobes)
- cefotetan (2)
- intra-abdominal surgery prophylaxis (anaerobes)
- cefotaxime (3)
- strep pneumoniae infxns (or B-Hemolytic Strep)
- ceftriaxone (3)
- strep pneumoniae infxns (or B-Hemolytic Strep)
- ceftazidime (3)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- cefepime (4)
- critically ill pt's, pseudomonas, gram negative meningitis
- penicilin G (i.v.)
- B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep), susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns, meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
- penicillin VK (p.o)
- B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep), susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns, meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
- procaine pcn G
- B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep), susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns, meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
- benzathine pcn G
- B-hemolytic strep (includes Grp A Strep), susceptible S. pneumoniae infxns, meningococcal meningitis (pcn G is DOC for all) ***(most S. aureus is resistant)
- oxacillin (i.v.)
- soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA) (DOC), always better than vanc
- nafcillin (i.v.)
- soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA) (DOC), always better than vanc
- dicloxacillin (p.o.)
- soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA)
- cloxacillin (p.o.)
- soft tissue cellulitis (non-MRSA)
- ampicillin (i.v.)
- 1st line for otitis media (DOC), some gram negs too (add clav for 3rd AOM)
- amoxacillin (p.o)
- 1st line for otitis media (DOC), some gram negs too (add clav for 3rd AOM)
- imipenem/cilastatin
- very broad spectrum: MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) pathogens, polymicrobial life-threatening infxn. (i.e. massive contamxns - GI explosion); Febrile neutropenics (for cancer & immunocompromised Pt's)
- ertapenem
- very broad spectrum: MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) pathogens, polymicrobial life-threatening infxn. (i.e. massive contamxns - GI explosion); Febrile neutropenics (for cancer & immunocompromised Pt's)
- aztreonam (i.v.)
- aerobic gram -'s (pseudomonas)
- gentamicin
- aerobic G - bacilli (GIVE HIGH DOSES) (but resistance readily develops b/c of bact. enz. activation- less w/ amik); G + : give w/ β-lactam, ceph or vanc for synergistic killing (GIVE LOW DOSES)
- gemiflozacin
- gram + activity (not MRSA or VRE) (M>G>L>C), ~ 40% of pseudomonas (C=L>G>M), anaerobics (M=G>L=C), intracellular pathogens & other gram - (except pseudomonas), DOC for inpatient CAP & complicated UTI's (only for susceptible E. coli; ® increasing);
- clarithromycin (p.o)
- good gram + (NO MRSA or VRE or enterococcus), out-Pt. mgmt of CAP (DOC), Legionella, M. avium, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP: Community Acquired Pneumonia - Typical & Atypicals)
- vancomycin (i.v.)
- MRSA (DOC), gram + organisms only, amp-resistant enterococcus, meningitis, MDR S. pneumonia infxn, 2nd line tx of pseudomemb. Colitis (C. deficile); Febrile neutropenics
- trim-sulfa
- Broad spectrum: S. aureus, Enterobacter, E. coli, Klebsiella; UTI's; pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients (DOC), toxoplasmosis (may help w/ MRSA in future)
- Tetracycline HCl
- rickettsial infxns (RMSF - DOC), Lyme Disease (B. burgdorferi) DOC; **mycoplasma pneumoniae (CAP), chlamydia, acne, moderate gram + and gram - activity; Plasmodium
- albendazole
- mixed infections; roundworms, pinworms, whipworms, hookworms, ***cysticercosis (DOC for all these)
- Toxoplasma (DOC)
- PERMETRIN
- Pediculosis/Lice (see severe itch, Vagabond's disease; use 1% (wait 10 min, wash); Scabies (mites lay eggs in Epidermis; use 5% (wait 8-14 hrs b/4 wash)
- Fluconazole (p.o.)
- systemic Candidia albicans infxns (but takes 48 hrs b/4 effects take place - so, not really recommened)
- terbinafine (p.o.)
- fungal nail infections - Onychomycosis (DOC); athletes foot & jock itch